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Contaminación multimedia por tungsteno y riesgo para la salud derivados de la minería y refinación de tungsteno

Yifan Lin¹, Hongguang Cheng², Xiang Gu³

¹School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.

Journal of hazardous materials

|January 9, 2026

Resumen

La contaminación por tungsteno (W) de la minería contamina el suelo y las plantas, lo que representa riesgos para la salud de los residentes. Se necesita más investigación sobre la bioaccesibilidad de W para una evaluación precisa del riesgo.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias Ambientales
Geoquímica
Toxicología

Sus antecedentes:

El tungsteno (W) es un contaminante ambiental emergente, con una producción significativa en China.
No se comprenden bien el impacto ambiental y los riesgos para la salud humana de la minería y refinación de W.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar las vías de contaminación por W desde fuentes mineras hasta el medio ambiente, plantas comestibles y riesgos potenciales para la salud humana.
Establecer una línea de base geoquímica de W en un área de minería y refinación de W.

Principales métodos:

Se recolectaron y analizaron concentraciones de W en desechos sólidos, aguas residuales, suelo, agua de río, sedimento y plantas de un área de minería y refinación de W.
Se evaluaron las vías de W y los factores de enriquecimiento en el medio ambiente y las plantas.
Se evaluaron los riesgos potenciales para la salud no carcinogénicos por la exposición total a W en adultos y niños.

Principales resultados:

Se encontraron concentraciones elevadas de W en desechos mineros, sedimentos aguas abajo y suelos.
Se identificaron vías de W desde desechos mineros hasta el río, el suelo y los sistemas de riego.
Acumulación significativa de W en verduras de hoja, lo que representa riesgos potenciales para la salud, particularmente para los niños.

Conclusiones:

La contaminación ambiental por W de la minería y refinación representa riesgos para la salud de los residentes a través del suelo y las plantas comestibles contaminados.
El enriquecimiento de W en plantas, especialmente verduras, es una ruta de exposición significativa.
Los estudios futuros deben centrarse en la bioaccesibilidad oral de W en suelos y plantas para una evaluación precisa del riesgo para la salud.

Palabras clave:

Línea de base geoquímica Riesgo para la salud Enriquecimiento de plantas Contaminación de suelos y aguas Tungsteno

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