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Efectos no lineales del entorno construido sobre la vitalidad urbana en Jinan basados en datos multifuente e IA
Mingyang Yu1, Qingrui Ji2, Xiangyu Zheng2
1School of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China. ymy@sdjzu.edu.cn.
Scientific reports
|January 9, 2026
Resumen
Este estudio revela cómo el entorno construido impacta la vitalidad urbana utilizando IA. Factores objetivos como la densidad de POI son clave, con umbrales específicos identificados para una planificación urbana óptima.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Planificación y Diseño Urbano; Ciencias de la Información Geográfica; Inteligencia Artificial en Estudios Urbanos
Sus antecedentes:
- Comprender la compleja interacción entre la forma urbana y la vitalidad es crucial para una planificación urbana eficaz.
- Los marcos existentes a menudo luchan por capturar las dinámicas no lineales y las percepciones subjetivas del entorno construido.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar un marco analítico integrado para evaluar la vitalidad urbana influenciada por el entorno construido.
- Decodificar las relaciones no lineales e identificar los umbrales críticos entre las características del entorno construido y la vitalidad urbana.
- Establecer un índice integral de vitalidad urbana que incorpore dimensiones objetivas y subjetivas.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizó IA explicable (XGBoost-SHAP) para analizar datos multifuente y descubrir relaciones no lineales.
- Se aplicó el método de ponderación CRITIC para construir un novedoso índice compuesto de vitalidad urbana.
- Se integraron datos objetivos (mapas de calor de Baidu, luz nocturna, POI) y subjetivos (imágenes de vista de calle) dentro de un marco bidimensional del entorno construido.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificó un patrón espacial distintivo de "este-fuerte, oeste-débil" en la vitalidad urbana.
- Se descubrió que los factores objetivos del entorno construido, en particular la mezcla de POI, la densidad y la integración espacial, influyen significativamente en la vitalidad urbana.
- Se determinaron umbrales no lineales clave: mezcla de POI > 1,5, rendimientos decrecientes de la densidad más allá de 4000 unidades/km², y la apertura exhibe una relación en forma de U invertida.
Conclusiones:
- El marco propuesto mejora la medición de la vitalidad urbana integral.
- El estudio amplía los indicadores tradicionales del entorno construido al incorporar la percepción subjetiva.
- Proporciona un enfoque analítico novedoso para la planificación urbana, especialmente en ciudades históricamente complejas.
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