El impacto del entrenamiento visual 3D combinado con intervención de ejercicio físico en la salud visual de adolescentes miopes

The prevalence of myopia among adolescents in China has continued to rise in recent years, with an evident trend toward earlier onset and higher degrees of refractive error. This poses significant challenges to learning, daily life, and long-term visual health. Therefore, exploring effective non-pharmacological interventions for adolescent myopia is of practical importance. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of 3D visual training combined with physical exercise on visual function and myopia control in adolescents. A total of 188 adolescents with myopia who visited the Optometry Center of our hospital between November 2021 and November 2023 were enrolled and randomly assigned to an observation group (n = 94) or a control group (n = 94). The control group received standard interventions consisting of spectacle correction and eye exercises. The observation group underwent 3D visual training in combination with structured physical exercise. Outcomes assessed before and after intervention included mean uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) of each eye, overall UCVA, refractive error, axial length, and spherical equivalent. Visual improvement after 6 months and the temporal progression of UCVA within the observation group were also analyzed. Baseline visual and refractive parameters showed no significant differences between the 2 groups (P > .05). After the intervention, both groups demonstrated improvements; however, the observation group exhibited significantly greater enhancement in UCVA, accompanied by lower refractive error, shorter axial length, and reduced spherical equivalent compared with the control group (P < .05). After 6 months, visual acuity improved in 64 participants (68.09%) in the observation group versus 39 participants (41.49%) in the control group, representing a statistically significant difference (P < .05). 3D visual training combined with physical exercise effectively improves uncorrected visual acuity, reduces refractive error, alleviates myopia progression, and promotes visual recovery in adolescents. This combined approach shows promise as a practical, noninvasive strategy for myopia prevention and management.