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Surveying near highways, rough terrain, or power lines involves significant risks. Working along highways is particularly dangerous and requires the use of warning signs and flagmen. It is safest to avoid working directly on roads and use offsets whenever possible. When highway work is unavoidable, it must follow all safety guidelines. Surveyors should wear bright clothing, such as orange reflective vests, to ensure visibility to motorists, coworkers, and hunters. In construction zones, wearing...
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Design Example: Managing Concrete Workability01:14

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¿Afectan las variaciones en los programas estatales de consulta a las tasas de mortalidad en la construcción?

Wayne B Gray1, John Mendeloff2

  • 1Professor Emeritus, Department of Economics, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.

American journal of industrial medicine
|January 11, 2026
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

El programa de consulta de la Administración de Seguridad y Salud Ocupacional (OSHA) reduce significativamente las muertes laborales en la construcción. Las visitas más frecuentes a los lugares de trabajo y la identificación de peligros se correlacionan con tasas de mortalidad más bajas, especialmente en los estados con planes estatales.

Palabras clave:
OSHAconstrucciónconsultasefectividadprogramas voluntarios

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Salud y Seguridad Ocupacional
  • Seguridad en la Construcción
  • Política de Salud Pública

Sus antecedentes:

  • La Administración de Seguridad y Salud Ocupacional (OSHA) ofrece un programa de consulta voluntaria para ayudar a las empresas a identificar peligros en el lugar de trabajo.
  • Este estudio investiga el impacto del programa de consulta de OSHA en las muertes laborales dentro de la industria de la construcción.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Evaluar la efectividad del programa de consulta voluntaria de OSHA en la reducción de muertes laborales en la construcción.
  • Analizar la relación entre las características del programa de consulta y las tasas de mortalidad de la construcción a nivel estatal.

Principales métodos:

  • Se examinaron las diferencias a nivel estatal en los programas de consulta de OSHA (2016-2022), incluida la frecuencia de las visitas, los peligros identificados y el alcance.
  • Se utilizó análisis de regresión para correlacionar las características del programa de consulta con las tasas de mortalidad en la construcción.
  • Se diferenció entre los estados del Plan Estatal y los estados de OSHA Federal.

Principales resultados:

  • Los estados del Plan Estatal mostraron tasas de visitas de consulta más altas, un alcance más amplio y más peligros identificados por trabajador en comparación con los estados federales.
  • Las tasas de consulta más altas en los estados del Plan Estatal se asociaron significativamente con tasas de mortalidad más bajas en la construcción.
  • Las interacciones entre las tasas de consulta, la identificación de peligros y el alcance de las visitas mostraron una relación negativa con las tasas de mortalidad.

Conclusiones:

  • El aumento de la frecuencia de las visitas de consulta de OSHA a las empresas de construcción se relaciona con una reducción de las muertes laborales.
  • Un mayor número de peligros identificados y un alcance más amplio de las consultas se asocian con tasas de mortalidad más bajas en la construcción.
  • Estos hallazgos resaltan la importancia de programas de consulta sólidos para mejorar la seguridad en las obras de construcción.