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Menopausia de inicio tardío y rigidez aórtica atenuada
Sanna Darvish1, Kevin O Murray1, Sophia A Mahoney1
1Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora. (S.D., K.O.M., S.A.M., N.S.V., M.C.Z., C.A., M.A.F., D.R.S., M.J.R.).
Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)
|January 12, 2026
Resumen
La menopausia tardía (≥55 años) se asocia con un menor riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular. Este estudio encontró una atenuación de la rigidez aórtica en mujeres posmenopáusicas de inicio tardío, lo que sugiere un mecanismo para este efecto protector.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Fisiología Cardiovascular
- Endocrinología Reproductiva
- Biología Vascular
Sus antecedentes:
- Una edad más tardía de la menopausia (≥55 años) se asocia con un menor riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV) en mujeres posmenopáusicas (MP).
- El endurecimiento aórtico es un contribuyente clave al riesgo de ECV, pero su relación con la menopausia de inicio tardío sigue sin estar clara.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el impacto de la menopausia de inicio tardío en la rigidez aórtica en mujeres posmenopáusicas.
- Determinar las contribuciones de los factores estructurales y dependientes de la carga a la rigidez aórtica en relación con la edad de inicio de la menopausia.
Principales métodos:
- Se midió la velocidad de la onda de pulso carótida-femoral (VCF-PW) en MP de inicio tardío (≥55 años) y de inicio normal (45-54 años).
- Se calcularon los componentes estructurales y dependientes de la carga de la VCF-PW utilizando modelos exponenciales.
- Se evaluó el módulo elástico aórtico en ratones expuestos a suero de MP, y la lipidómica identificó los impulsores de la rigidez.
Principales resultados:
- La VCF-PW fue significativamente menor (128 cm/s) en mujeres posmenopáusicas (MP) de inicio tardío en comparación con las de inicio normal.
- La mayor parte de esta reducción (≈85%) se atribuyó a una menor rigidez dependiente de la estructura, no a la carga de la presión arterial.
- Un menor módulo elástico en aortas expuestas a suero de MP de inicio tardío se relacionó con una menor rigidez dependiente de especies reactivas de oxígeno mitocondrial, siendo los triglicéridos (16:0) un factor clave.
Conclusiones:
- La atenuación de la rigidez aórtica, principalmente a través de la reducción de factores dependientes de la estructura, puede explicar el menor riesgo de ECV observado en mujeres con menopausia de inicio tardío.
- Estos hallazgos resaltan los mecanismos potenciales que vinculan el envejecimiento reproductivo con la salud vascular y el riesgo cardiovascular.
Palabras clave:
antioxidantespresión arterialenfermedad cardiovascularfactores de riesgotriglicéridosMás Videos Relacionados
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