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El impacto del idioma extranjero en la meta-razonamiento en decisiones morales
Zhimin Hu1,2, Beatriz Martín-Luengo3,4, Eduardo Navarrete1
1Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, University of Padua, Italy.
Journal of cognition
|January 12, 2026
Resumen
Usar un idioma extranjero puede no cambiar las decisiones morales, pero sí afecta la metacognición. Razonar en un nuevo idioma reduce la sensación de corrección, aumentando la incertidumbre y promoviendo un mayor análisis.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología Cognitiva
- Lingüística
- Neurociencia
Sus antecedentes:
- La teoría del efecto del idioma extranjero moral (mFLE) sugiere que el uso de idiomas extranjeros promueve el utilitarismo al reducir la emocionalidad y mejorar el razonamiento analítico.
- El papel de la metacognición en el mFLE está poco explorado, a pesar de su importancia en el control y monitoreo cognitivo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el impacto del uso de idiomas extranjeros en los procesos metacognitivos durante la toma de decisiones morales.
- Probar la hipótesis de que el razonamiento en idiomas extranjeros reduce la Sensación de Corrección (FOR), aumentando la incertidumbre y la reevaluación.
Principales métodos:
- Se empleó un paradigma de decisión-redescisión para comparar las respuestas a dilemas morales en idiomas nativos y extranjeros.
- Se analizaron modelos lineales de efectos mixtos para los efectos en las decisiones, tiempos de decisión, tiempos de redescisión, FOR, Juicio Final de Confianza (FJC) y reversiones.
- Se examinó la competencia lingüística como moderadora.
Principales resultados:
- No se encontró un FLE moral significativo para las decisiones o inclinaciones morales.
- El uso de idiomas extranjeros aumentó significativamente los tiempos de decisión, disminuyó el FOR y el FJC, y aumentó las reversiones de decisión (Estudio 1).
- Un FOR más bajo se correlacionó consistentemente con tiempos de redescisión más largos y una mayor probabilidad de reversión, lo que indica un pensamiento analítico mejorado.
Conclusiones:
- El uso de idiomas extranjeros impacta el monitoreo y control metacognitivo, en lugar de alterar los juicios morales centrales.
- Los hallazgos sugieren que la competencia lingüística y el tipo de dilema pueden matizar el efecto del mFLE en la metacognición.
- Esta investigación destaca la influencia del lenguaje en los procesos cognitivos y metacognitivos en la toma de decisiones multilingüe.
Palabras clave:
bilingüismosensación de correcciónefecto del idioma extranjerometacognicióndilemas moralesMás Videos Relacionados
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