Ansiedad y depresión entre pacientes hospitalizados con hepatitis B en Shenzhen, China: un estudio transversal

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) represents a significant global public health challenge. In China, the disease remains prevalent despite recent reductions in incidence. In addition to its impact on physical health, CHB adversely affects patients' mental health, particularly in the form of anxiety and depression. However, limited research has been conducted on the psychological status of CHB inpatients, especially in metropolitan settings. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of anxiety and depression among hospitalized CHB patients in Shenzhen, China, and to investigate factors associated with these mental health conditions.

A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 649 inpatients with chronic hepatitis B at Shenzhen Third People's Hospital. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess levels of anxiety and depression. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with mental health outcomes.

The study revealed that 34.05% of patients experienced anxiety, while 71.65% exhibited symptoms of depression. Depression was more prevalent among older patients and those with multiple hospitalizations. Factors such as lack of health insurance and prolonged hospitalizations were significantly associated with depression. Female patients showed a higher propensity for experiencing anxiety.

The high prevalence of anxiety and depression among CHB inpatients highlights the need for integrated mental health screening and intervention strategies within hospital settings. Tailored healthcare approaches are essential to address both the physical and psychological needs of CHB patients, particularly in rapidly urbanizing areas such as Shenzhen.