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Incidencia Real de Neoplasias Apendiculares en Pacientes con Apendicitis Complicada: Un Llamado a un Algoritmo de
Laleh Foroutani1, Jaeyun Jane Wang1, Shreyas Kiran2
1Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Annals of surgical oncology
|January 12, 2026
Resumen
Las neoplasias apendiculares se presentan en el 16,1 % de los casos de apendicitis complicada. Los hallazgos radiológicos como el mucocele y los factores del paciente como la edad predicen el riesgo de neoplasia, guiando las decisiones quirúrgicas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Gastroenterología
- Oncología Quirúrgica
- Radiología
Sus antecedentes:
- La apendicitis complicada se asocia con neoplasias apendiculares, pero las tasas de incidencia varían.
- La identificación precisa del riesgo de neoplasia es crucial para el manejo del paciente.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Determinar la incidencia de neoplasias apendiculares en pacientes con apendicitis complicada.
- Identificar los predictores preoperatorios de neoplasias apendiculares en este grupo de pacientes.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis retrospectivo de pacientes adultos con apendicitis complicada diagnosticada por radiografía (2010-2024).
- Revisión experta de imágenes radiológicas para la precisión diagnóstica.
- Regresión logística multivariable para identificar predictores de neoplasias.
Principales resultados:
- Se encontraron neoplasias apendiculares en el 16,1 % de los casos de apendicitis complicada.
- Las neoplasias mucinosas fueron las más comunes (54 %), seguidas de los tumores neuroendocrinos (19 %) y los adenocarcinomas (13 %).
- Los predictores incluyeron edad avanzada, mayor diámetro apendicular, linfadenopatía, realce peritoneal y ausencia de infiltración grasa.
Conclusiones:
- Las neoplasias apendiculares son comunes en la apendicitis complicada, ocurriendo en el 16,1 % de los casos.
- Los predictores radiológicos y clínicos pueden ayudar a guiar las decisiones quirúrgicas y de seguimiento, especialmente con el creciente manejo no operatorio.
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