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Evaluación de técnicas de mitigación de la congestión del tráfico mediante un método integrado de entropía-TOPSIS
Daniyal Hussain1, Arshad Jamal2, Asim Farooq3
1Department of Civil Engineering, Sarhad University, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Scientific reports
|January 12, 2026
Resumen
La congestión del tráfico rodado en Peshawar, Pakistán, es grave. El estudio identificó
Área de la Ciencia:
- Planificación urbana e ingeniería de transporte.
- Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) y análisis espacial.
- Gestión del tráfico y desarrollo de políticas.
Sus antecedentes:
- La congestión del tráfico rodado es un desafío crítico en los países en desarrollo, especialmente en Pakistán, donde el transporte por carretera domina el transporte de mercancías.
- Peshawar se enfrenta a importantes problemas de tráfico, que afectan a los desplazamientos diarios y a las actividades económicas.
- La infraestructura existente y el diseño urbano contribuyen a graves cuellos de botella en el tráfico.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Identificar y analizar rutas críticas de tráfico y puntos críticos de congestión en Peshawar, Pakistán.
- Clasificar la gravedad de la congestión utilizando técnicas integradas de toma de decisiones multicriterio.
- Proporcionar información basada en datos para estrategias efectivas de mitigación del tráfico.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizó ArcGIS para el Análisis de Zonas Importantes para identificar rutas clave.
- Se empleó el análisis de la Unidad de Automóvil de Pasajeros (PCU), las relaciones volumen/capacidad y los cálculos del Nivel de Servicio (LOS).
- Se integraron los métodos Shannon Entropy y Fuzzy TOPSIS para clasificar las áreas de congestión.
Principales resultados:
- Identificó el 'Amin Hotel Point' como la ubicación más congestionada (Rango-1), seguido de 'PC Hotel' y 'Jalil Kabab House'.
- Las principales carreteras de Peshawar superan su capacidad durante las horas pico, lo que provoca importantes bloqueos.
- Los factores clave que contribuyen incluyen la infraestructura de BRT, la falta de estacionamiento, las malas marcas de carril y las obstrucciones fijas.
Conclusiones:
- El estudio proporciona una metodología sólida para clasificar los puntos críticos de congestión del tráfico en áreas urbanas.
- Los hallazgos ofrecen un punto de referencia para la implementación de intervenciones de tráfico específicas y medidas políticas.
- La investigación apoya la movilidad urbana sostenible y la mitigación de la congestión en los países en desarrollo.
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