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Disparidad de género en la reanimación cardiopulmonar extracorpórea para el paro cardíaco extrahospitalario
Akira Kawauchi1,2, Yohei Okada3,4, Makoto Aoki5
1Department of Critical Care and Emergency Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Maebashi Hospital, Gunma, Japan.
Critical care medicine
|January 13, 2026
Resumen
Los hombres con paro cardíaco extrahospitalario (PCEH) tenían una probabilidad significativamente mayor de recibir reanimación cardiopulmonar extracorpórea (RCPE). Esta disparidad de género fue más pronunciada cuando la elegibilidad para la RCPE no estaba clara, lo que justifica una mayor investigación.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Cardiología
- Medicina de Emergencia
- Salud Pública
Sus antecedentes:
- Existen disparidades de género en los tratamientos del paro cardíaco prehospitalario y hospitalario.
- La evidencia es limitada en cuanto a las diferencias de género en la reanimación cardiopulmonar extracorpórea (RCPE) para el paro cardíaco extrahospitalario (PCEH).
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar posibles disparidades de género en la administración de RCPE para pacientes con PCEH.
- Identificar si el sexo influye en la utilización de RCPE en casos de PCEH.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis secundario de un registro nacional prospectivo (JAAM-OHCA).
- Inclusión de pacientes adultos con PCEH sin retorno de la circulación espontánea antes de la llegada al hospital.
- Regresión logística multinivel para analizar la administración de RCPE, ajustando por variables del paciente y del centro.
Principales resultados:
- La RCPE se administró al 6,0% de los pacientes varones frente al 1,8% de las pacientes (n=47.965).
- El sexo masculino se asoció con una probabilidad significativamente mayor de recibir RCPE (OR, 1,68; IC del 95%, 1,46-1,93) tras el ajuste.
- El predominio masculino en el uso de RCPE fue consistente en todos los subgrupos, excepto en casos con elegibilidad o inelegibilidad clara.
Conclusiones:
- Los pacientes varones con PCEH recibieron RCPE significativamente con más frecuencia que las pacientes.
- La disparidad de género en la administración de RCPE parece ser más pronunciada en casos ambiguos.
- Se requiere una investigación adicional para dilucidar las razones detrás de esta disparidad de género observada en la utilización de RCPE.
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