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Navegando la presencia de las fuerzas del orden en los servicios de urgencias

Prashasti Bhatnagar^1,2, Cassandra Ramdath³, Desiree Pinto²

¹Department of Sociology, UCLA (University of California, Los Angeles), Los Angeles.

JAMA network open

|January 13, 2026

Resumen

La presencia de las fuerzas del orden en los servicios de urgencias (SU) puede perjudicar a las víctimas de violencia (VdV). Este estudio identificó tres estrategias —triaje, formación e integración de defensores— para mejorar los entornos de los SU para las VdV y las partes interesadas.

Área de la Ciencia:

Salud Pública
Medicina de Urgencias
Sociología

Sus antecedentes:

La presencia de las fuerzas del orden en los servicios de urgencias (SU) es común pero puede afectar negativamente a las víctimas de violencia (VdV).
La literatura existente carece de estrategias efectivas para gestionar las interacciones de las fuerzas del orden en los SU para apoyar a las VdV y al mismo tiempo equilibrar las necesidades de otras partes interesadas.

Objetivo del estudio:

Identificar estrategias mutuamente beneficiosas para gestionar la presencia de las fuerzas del orden en los SU.
Mitigar los daños no intencionados asociados con las interacciones de las fuerzas del orden para las víctimas de violencia.

Principales métodos:

Estudio cualitativo utilizando entrevistas semiestructuradas y grupos focales.
Realizado en un centro de trauma urbano de nivel I de septiembre de 2020 a octubre de 2023.
Incluyó víctimas de violencia (VdV), representantes de programas de intervención de violencia basados en hospitales (HVIP) y agentes de policía (LEO).

Principales resultados:

Consenso emergente sobre tres temas clave: triaje de interacciones con las fuerzas del orden, formalización de capacitación conjunta para el personal del hospital y las fuerzas del orden, e integración de defensores de VdV dentro del SU.
21 VdV, 23 representantes de HVIP y 16 LEO participaron.

Conclusiones:

Tres estrategias informadas por las partes interesadas pueden optimizar los entornos de los SU.
Estas estrategias tienen como objetivo apoyar los derechos y la recuperación de las VdV.
Los beneficios potenciales incluyen la mitigación de interacciones adversas y la mejora del intercambio de información entre las partes interesadas del SU.

Palabras clave:

fuerzas del orden servicios de urgencias víctimas de violencia estrategias colaboración

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