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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
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During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
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TDAH complejo en un adolescente transgénero: estudio de caso e implicaciones clínicas

Yiran Wang1, Wenqing Jiang1, Xiyan Zhang2

  • 1Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Clinical child psychology and psychiatry
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Resumen

Este estudio de caso destaca a un adolescente transgénero con TDAH y afecciones concurrentes. El tratamiento eficaz implicó farmacoterapia e intervenciones psicológicas, mejorando la regulación emocional y reduciendo los comportamientos impulsivos.

Palabras clave:
trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad complejouso de sustanciastransgénero

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Endocrinología Pediátrica
  • Trastornos del Neurodesarrollo
  • Psiquiatría del Adolescente

Sus antecedentes:

  • Un número creciente de adolescentes se identifican como transgénero o de género diverso y buscan atención de afirmación de género.
  • La prevalencia del trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad (TDAH) es elevada en adolescentes transgénero y de género diverso.
  • El acceso al tratamiento médico de afirmación de género sigue siendo limitado para los adolescentes transgénero.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Presentar un caso de un adolescente transgénero con TDAH y comorbilidades.
  • Describir el enfoque de tratamiento y los resultados para este caso complejo.
  • Subrayar la necesidad de una atención integrada y orientada al curso de vida para jóvenes transgénero con TDAH.

Principales métodos:

  • Presentación de un caso de un adolescente de 15 años con TDAH, disforia de género, uso de sustancias y trastornos del estado de ánimo.
  • Farmacoterapia que incluye antipsicóticos y antidepresivos.
  • Intervenciones psicológicas.

Principales resultados:

  • El paciente mostró una mejor regulación emocional.
  • Se observó una disminución de los comportamientos impulsivos.
  • Manejo exitoso de las afecciones concurrentes junto con la disforia de género.

Conclusiones:

  • Enfatiza la necesidad de una atención orientada al curso de vida que aborde los factores estresantes específicos de los transgénero y la prevención del abuso de sustancias.
  • Destaca la necesidad urgente de investigar la farmacoterapia adaptada a las comorbilidades, equilibrando el tratamiento del TDAH y la seguridad de las hormonas de afirmación de género.
  • Aboga por modelos de atención integral para adolescentes transgénero y de género diverso con TDAH.