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El poder de las creencias: Cómo la inteligencia artificial generativa (GenAI) influye en el rendimiento académico
Wenlong Zhu1, Tianxiang Li1, Qingjun Li2
1Business School, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China.
Acta psychologica
|January 13, 2026
Resumen
Las creencias de los estudiantes influyen significativamente en la adopción y efectividad de la inteligencia artificial generativa (GenAI) en la educación superior. El uso continuo de GenAI impacta positivamente el rendimiento académico, destacando la importancia de alinear las expectativas de los estudiantes con las herramientas de GenAI.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Tecnología Educativa
- Inteligencia Artificial en la Educación
- Interacción Humano-Computadora
Sus antecedentes:
- La adopción de la Inteligencia Artificial Generativa (GenAI) está creciendo en la educación superior.
- Existe una investigación limitada sobre cómo las creencias de los estudiantes impactan la efectividad de GenAI y los resultados académicos.
- Modelos existentes como Creencia-Acción-Resultado (BAO) y Continuidad de Sistemas de Información Multimotivo (MISC) ofrecen marcos para comprender la adopción de tecnología.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la influencia de las creencias de los estudiantes en la efectividad de la aplicación de Inteligencia Artificial Generativa (GenAI) y el rendimiento académico.
- Desarrollar y probar un marco teórico que integre los modelos BAO y MISC.
- Proporcionar información práctica para optimizar la integración de GenAI en entornos educativos.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizó un diseño secuencial explicativo de métodos mixtos.
- Datos cuantitativos recopilados de 724 estudiantes a través de cuestionarios, analizados mediante modelado de ecuaciones estructurales.
- Datos cualitativos recopilados a través de entrevistas con 15 estudiantes diversos.
Principales resultados:
- El ajuste de las expectativas de diseño influye positivamente en las creencias de los estudiantes sobre GenAI.
- Las creencias de los estudiantes predicen significativamente el uso continuo de las herramientas GenAI.
- El uso continuo de GenAI demuestra un efecto positivo tanto en el rendimiento de la tarea como en el técnico.
Conclusiones:
- El modelo teórico desarrollado ilustra eficazmente la vía desde las creencias de los estudiantes sobre nuevas tecnologías hasta el rendimiento académico.
- Los hallazgos subrayan el papel crítico de las creencias de los estudiantes en la configuración del impacto de GenAI en el aprendizaje.
- La optimización de las aplicaciones de GenAI en la educación requiere atención a las creencias del usuario y la alineación de las expectativas.
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