Simulaciones de polímeros de la cromatina: conectando la organización 3D y la dinámica con la función

Polymer physics-based models of chromatin are essential for interpreting experimental observations and gaining mechanistic insights into genome organization and its functional consequences. However, because chromatin is a highly complex polymer, its fundamental physical properties remain poorly understood. Deriving these properties from experiments and using them to simulate chromatin behavior and predict functional outcomes remain key challenges in the field. Another major challenge is to understand how ATP-dependent active forces act along the genome and to incorporate these effects into models of chromatin dynamics. In this review, we discuss recent advances that address these challenges and highlight the strengths, limitations, and predictive capabilities of current modeling approaches for studying interphase chromatin.