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¿Son las características del sistema de trabajo de las farmacias de cadena las que se asocian con los resultados de
Sara Nadi1, Vibhuti Arya2, Brianne K Bakken3
1University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Pharmacy, Madison, WI.
Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA
|January 15, 2026
Resumen
La autonomía del farmacéutico y el sentirse escuchado son clave para la satisfacción laboral y la reducción del agotamiento en las farmacias de cadena. Abordar estos factores del sistema de trabajo es crucial para retener y reclutar personal de farmacia.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Práctica farmacéutica
- Salud ocupacional
- Estudios de la fuerza laboral
Sus antecedentes:
- Las farmacias de cadena y de grandes superficies operan bajo sistemas estandarizados impulsados por la corporación.
- Las características del sistema de trabajo como la autonomía y la dotación de personal impactan los resultados de la vida laboral de los farmacéuticos.
- Comprender estos factores es vital para la retención y el reclutamiento de farmacéuticos, especialmente después de la COVID-19.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Examinar las características del sistema de trabajo en farmacias de cadena/grandes superficies.
- Evaluar las asociaciones entre los sistemas de trabajo y el agotamiento/intención de rotación de los farmacéuticos.
- Explorar estrategias para mejorar el equilibrio entre la vida laboral y personal de los farmacéuticos.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron datos del Estudio Nacional de la Fuerza Laboral de Farmacéuticos de 2022 (n=662).
- Se empleó una encuesta en línea transversal guiada por el modelo SEIPS 2.0.
- Se aplicaron estadísticas descriptivas y regresión multivariante para analizar las asociaciones.
Principales resultados:
- El 88% de los farmacéuticos informaron un aumento de la carga de trabajo; el 85% declaró que las métricas de carga de trabajo comprometieron la seguridad.
- El 73% sintió que sus preocupaciones sobre la seguridad de los medicamentos de los pacientes no fueron abordadas.
- La autonomía del farmacéutico y el sentirse escuchado fueron predictores significativos de la realización profesional y el agotamiento.
Conclusiones:
- La toma de decisiones jerárquica en las grandes organizaciones de farmacias puede limitar el control del farmacéutico sobre el trabajo.
- Se necesitan estrategias para aumentar la toma de decisiones local y la autonomía.
- Reducir la dependencia de las métricas de carga de trabajo es esencial para la sostenibilidad de la fuerza laboral.
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