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Diferencias regionales y de sexo en la mortalidad por endocarditis infecciosa en España
Lucía Cayuela1, Clara Peiró Villalba1, Beatriz Valle Borrego1
1Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Severo Ochoa, Leganés, Spain.
Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)
|January 15, 2026
Resumen
La mortalidad por endocarditis infecciosa en España muestra tendencias complejas específicas de cada sexo y disparidades regionales. Se necesitan intervenciones de salud pública específicas para abordar estos desafíos de manera equitativa.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Epidemiología; Salud Pública; Investigación de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares
Sus antecedentes:
- La endocarditis infecciosa (IE) representa un importante desafío de salud pública.
- Comprender las tendencias de mortalidad nacionales y regionales es crucial para una intervención eficaz.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Describir las tendencias nacionales y regionales en la mortalidad por endocarditis infecciosa (IE) en España de 1999 a 2023.
- Identificar patrones específicos de sexo y disparidades geográficas en la mortalidad por IE.
Principales métodos:
- Estudio ecológico que analiza datos de mortalidad por IE del Instituto Nacional de Estadística de España (1999-2023).
- Se calcularon las tasas de mortalidad estandarizadas por edad (TSM) mediante estandarización directa.
- Se utilizó la regresión Joinpoint y los ratios de mortalidad estandarizados (SMR) para analizar las tendencias y las variaciones regionales.
Principales resultados:
- Muertes generales por IE: 29.766 (58,0% mujeres, 89,0% >65 años).
- La TSM de los hombres aumentó (+1,2% AAPC), mientras que la TSM de las mujeres disminuyó (-0,5% AAPC).
- Se observaron disparidades regionales significativas, con Navarra y Galicia mostrando un mayor riesgo de mortalidad para ambos sexos en 2023.
Conclusiones:
- La mortalidad por IE en España muestra complejas tendencias específicas de sexo.
- Las persistentes disparidades regionales resaltan la necesidad de estrategias de salud pública específicas.
- Son esenciales intervenciones equitativas para abordar las variaciones geográficas en la mortalidad por IE.
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