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Uso prolongado de zinc para la disgeusia que causa deficiencia de cobre

Min Ji Kim1, Michael Jay Tang1, Eduardo Bruera1

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Resumen

La suplementación prolongada con zinc puede causar deficiencia de cobre, lo que lleva a fatiga, anemia y problemas neurológicos. El diagnóstico y tratamiento rápidos de la hipocupruria son cruciales para prevenir daños permanentes.

Palabras clave:
Zincdeficiencia de cobredisgeusiahipocupruriasuplementación con zinc

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ciencia de la Nutrición
  • Hematología
  • Neurología

Sus antecedentes:

  • El zinc es vital para la percepción del gusto y se utiliza para la disgeusia en pacientes con cáncer.
  • El consumo excesivo de zinc puede provocar deficiencia de cobre, una afección poco reconocida.
  • Los síntomas de deficiencia de cobre incluyen fatiga, náuseas, anemia y mielopatía.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Destacar el riesgo de deficiencia de cobre debido a la suplementación prolongada con zinc.
  • Presentar un caso de hipocupruria en un paciente con mieloma múltiple.

Principales métodos:

  • Estudio de caso de un paciente de setenta y tantos años con mieloma múltiple y gastroparesia.
  • El paciente presentó síntomas de fatiga, anemia y déficits neurológicos después de 2 años de suplementación con zinc.
  • Se confirmó el diagnóstico de hipocupruria, seguido de tratamiento hospitalario con cloruro cúprico intravenoso.

Principales resultados:

  • El paciente experimentó una mejora gradual de los síntomas en 5-6 semanas después del tratamiento con cloruro cúprico por vía intravenosa.
  • Se identificó la hipocupruria como la causa de los síntomas del paciente.
  • Los déficits neurológicos y hematológicos mejoraron con la reposición de cobre.

Conclusiones:

  • Los médicos deben evaluar la deficiencia de cobre en pacientes con suplementos de zinc.
  • Evitar cursos prolongados de zinc o la prescripción excesiva para prevenir la hipocupruria.
  • El diagnóstico y tratamiento rápidos de la hipocupruria son esenciales para evitar daños neurológicos irreversibles.