Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: Jan 18, 2026
06:45
Modified Posterior Vertebral Column Resection for Patients with Thoracolumbar Kyphotic Deformity
Published on: September 16, 2022
2.8K
Osteocondroma de Pedículo Dorsal que Causa Mielopatía Compresiva
Mantu Jain1, Nikhil Unnava1, Rabi Narayan Sahu2
1Department of Orthopedic, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
Journal of orthopaedic case reports
|January 16, 2026
Resumen
La exostosis múltiple hereditaria puede causar osteocondromas espinales, lo que lleva a mielopatía torácica. La escisión quirúrgica del tumor espinal resultó en la recuperación completa de un paciente pediátrico.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ortopedia
- Neurocirugía
- Patología
Sus antecedentes:
- Los osteocondromas son tumores óseos benignos que afectan comúnmente a los huesos largos.
- Los osteocondromas espinales son raros pero pueden causar déficits neurológicos significativos.
- La exostosis múltiple hereditaria (HME) es un trastorno genético asociado con múltiples osteocondromas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Informar un caso de osteocondroma espinal en un paciente pediátrico con HME.
- Destacar los desafíos diagnósticos y el manejo exitoso de la mielopatía torácica secundaria a osteocondroma espinal.
Principales métodos:
- Un niño de 10 años con HME se presentó con mielopatía torácica.
- Se utilizaron resonancia magnética (RM) y tomografía computarizada (TC) para el diagnóstico.
- Se realizó la escisión quirúrgica del osteocondroma a través de un abordaje extracavitario lateral derecho.
- El examen histopatológico confirmó el diagnóstico.
Principales resultados:
- La imagen radiológica reveló un osteocondroma del pedículo D4 que comprimía el canal espinal.
- La resección quirúrgica fue exitosa en la eliminación de la masa.
- El paciente experimentó una mejora significativa de los síntomas neurológicos después de la cirugía.
- Se logró la recuperación completa en seis meses.
Conclusiones:
- Los osteocondromas espinales, aunque raros, pueden presentarse con síntomas neurológicos graves como la mielopatía.
- El diagnóstico temprano mediante RM y correlación clínica es crucial para una intervención oportuna.
- El manejo quirúrgico ofrece un resultado favorable para los osteocondromas espinales sintomáticos.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
01:29Bone Disorders
5.1K
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
5.1K
01:29Blood and Nerve Supply to the Bones
13.5K
Bones are dynamic organs that require a rich supply of oxygen and nutrients. Around 5% to 10% of the cardiac output supplies blood to the bones. A typical long bone has three main sources: the nutrient artery, the metaphyseal and epiphyseal arteries, and the periosteal arteries.
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...
Nutrient Artery
The nutrient artery is the main blood vessel that enters the diaphysis via the nutrient foramen. While most long bones have only one nutrient foramen, large bones, such as the femur, may have two. This...
13.5K
01:24Bone Formation by Endochondral Ossification
8.5K
Bone formation, or ossification, begins around the sixth to seventh week of embryonic development. Most bones develop from a cartilaginous template through the process of endochondral ossification. Cartilage formation begins when clusters of mesenchymal cells differentiate into chondrocytes. These chondrocytes proliferate rapidly and secrete an extracellular matrix that becomes encased in a membrane called the perichondrium. The resulting cartilage model provides a template that resembles the...
8.5K
01:28Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle
1.7K
The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
1.7K
01:27Compact Bone
16.1K
Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
16.1K
01:30General Structure of a Vertebra
6.0K
A typical vertebra, with the exception of the sacrum and coccyx, consists of a body, a vertebral arch, and seven different projections termed processes. The anterior portion of the vertebrae, the body, supports about half the body’s weight. The vertebral bodies progressively increase in size and thickness from the cervical region to the lumbar region of the vertebral column. The intervertebral discs present between the bodies of adjacent vertebrae firmly unites them, forming a continuous...
6.0K