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Un caso de meningitis criptocócica en un individuo inmunocompetente

Elodie Baumgartner¹, Lexi Weltin², John J Farrell³

¹Infectious Disease, University of Illinois College of Medicine Peoria, Peoria, USA.

|January 16, 2026

Resumen

La meningitis criptocócica puede afectar a personas inmunocompetentes. La neuroimagen temprana puede inducir a error en el diagnóstico, lo que enfatiza la necesidad de vigilancia en casos sospechosos de meningitis fúngica.

Área de la Ciencia:

Neurología
Enfermedades Infecciosas
Reportes de Casos Médicos

Sus antecedentes:

La meningitis criptocócica afecta típicamente a personas inmunocomprometidas.
Las presentaciones inespecíficas e indolentes pueden retrasar el diagnóstico.
La neuroimagen puede sugerir diagnósticos alternativos, lo que complica el reconocimiento temprano.

Objetivo del estudio:

Informar un caso de meningitis criptocócica en un huésped inmunocompetente.
Destacar los desafíos diagnósticos en presentaciones no clásicas.
Enfatizar la importancia de considerar la meningitis fúngica en todos los pacientes.

Principales métodos:

Reporte de caso de un hombre inmunocompetente de 49 años.
Presentación inicial con cefaleas progresivas y síntomas neurológicos.
Estudio diagnóstico que incluye imagenología por TC y análisis del líquido cefalorraquídeo.

Principales resultados:

La tomografía computarizada inicial sugirió un accidente cerebrovascular, lo que retrasó el diagnóstico.
El análisis del líquido cefalorraquídeo confirmó la meningitis criptocócica.
El paciente mejoró con terapia antifúngica y manejo de la presión intracraneal.

Conclusiones:

La meningitis criptocócica puede ocurrir en individuos inmunocompetentes.
Los retrasos en el diagnóstico son comunes debido a síntomas inespecíficos e imágenes iniciales engañosas.
Mantener un alto índice de sospecha de meningitis fúngica es crucial, independientemente del estado inmunitario.

Palabras clave:

meningitis criptocócica meningitis criptocócica en inmunocompetentes mortalidad en meningitis criptocócica simuladores de ACV en RM meningitis criptocócica no asociada a VIH

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