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Múltiple factores de cambio global aumentan las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero del suelo a nivel mundial

Chen Chen¹, Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo², Guiyao Zhou²

¹State Key Laboratory of Wetland Conservation and Restoration, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Global change biology

|January 16, 2026

Resumen

El aumento de los factores de cambio global eleva significativamente las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero de carbono del suelo, incluyendo dióxido de carbono (CO2) y metano (CH4). La reducción de estos factores estresantes es crucial para la seguridad climática.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias Ambientales
Ciencias del Clima
Ciencias del Suelo

Sus antecedentes:

Las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI) del suelo son críticas para la seguridad climática global.
El impacto de múltiples factores de cambio global (FCG) en las emisiones de GEI del suelo es poco comprendido.
La predicción de las trayectorias del cambio climático se ve desafiada por los efectos acumulativos desconocidos de los FCG.

Objetivo del estudio:

Cuantificar el efecto de un número creciente de FCG en los flujos de CO2 y CH4 del suelo.
Identificar los impulsores clave que influyen en los impactos de los FCG en las emisiones de GEI del suelo.
Proporcionar información para la gestión de los impactos del cambio global en el clima.

Principales métodos:

Metaanálisis de 1803 observaciones de flujos de CO2 y CH4 del suelo.
Inclusión de 21 FCG diversos en varios ecosistemas (bosques, pastizales, tierras de cultivo, humedales, tundras, desiertos).
Análisis estadístico para determinar las relaciones entre FCG, clima, tipo de bioma, humedad del suelo y emisiones de GEI.

Principales resultados:

Un número creciente de FCG eleva significativamente las emisiones de CO2 y CH4 del suelo.
Los cambios en el clima, el tipo de bioma y la humedad del suelo inducidos por los FCG son los principales impulsores de las tasas de emisión.
Los hallazgos resaltan la interconexión de los FCG y la dinámica de los GEI del suelo.

Conclusiones:

La reducción del número de factores estresantes del cambio global es esencial para mitigar los impactos negativos en el clima.
La comprensión de los cambios en la humedad del suelo inducidos por los FCG ofrece posibles estrategias de gestión.
Este estudio subraya la necesidad urgente de una gestión integrada del cambio global para garantizar la seguridad climática.

Palabras clave:

flujo de CH4 emisión de CO2 mitigación climática cambio global potencial de calentamiento global emisión de gases de efecto invernadero

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