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Reducción del consumo de alcohol en pacientes con hepatitis C
A Giannopoulos1, J C Elliott1, N Viscaino1
1Molloy University1000 Hempstead Avenue, Rockville CentreNY11570.
Substance use & misuse
|January 16, 2026
Resumen
Las intervenciones psicosociales reducen eficazmente el consumo de alcohol en personas con hepatitis C crónica (VHC) y coinfección VIH/VHC. Estas intervenciones mejoran las tasas de abstinencia y la participación en el tratamiento del alcohol, beneficiando la salud general.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Hepatología
- Enfermedades Infecciosas
- Medicina de la Adicción
Sus antecedentes:
- El consumo excesivo de alcohol representa un riesgo significativo para las personas con infección crónica por el virus de la hepatitis C (VHC).
- La coinfección con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) y el VHC exacerba estos riesgos, lo que puede provocar daños hepáticos graves y mortalidad.
- Estas poblaciones han recibido históricamente una atención clínica insuficiente en cuanto al manejo del consumo de alcohol.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar y sintetizar sistemáticamente la literatura existente sobre intervenciones relacionadas con el alcohol para personas con VHC crónico.
- Examinar específicamente las intervenciones adaptadas a la población coinfectada por VIH/VHC.
- Basarse y actualizar revisiones anteriores sobre este tema.
Principales métodos:
- Se realizó una búsqueda exhaustiva de la literatura para identificar estudios relevantes.
- Los estudios incluidos evaluaron la eficacia de las intervenciones para reducir el consumo de alcohol.
- Los estudios se centraron en poblaciones con VHC crónico y en aquellas con coinfección VIH/VHC.
Principales resultados:
- Siete estudios cumplieron los criterios de inclusión: cuatro para VHC y tres para coinfección VIH/VHC.
- Los participantes mostraron respuestas positivas significativas a las intervenciones.
- Los resultados clave incluyeron un aumento de las tasas de abstinencia, una reducción del consumo de alcohol, menos días de consumo excesivo de alcohol y una mayor participación en el tratamiento.
Conclusiones:
- Las intervenciones psicosociales muestran ser prometedoras para reducir el consumo de alcohol en personas con VHC crónico y coinfección VIH/VHC.
- Reducir con éxito la ingesta de alcohol es un cambio de comportamiento crítico con implicaciones positivas para la salud del paciente.
- Se justifica una mayor investigación y atención clínica para estas poblaciones vulnerables.
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