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Mitigación del creciente riesgo de incendios forestales mediante innovaciones en cortafuegos

Nicholas T Link1, Jill F Johnstone2,3, Xanthe J Walker1

  • 1Center for Ecosystem Science and Society and Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA.

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Los cortafuegos innovadores en los bosques boreales ofrecen co-beneficios más allá de la reducción del riesgo de incendios forestales. Estos diseños integran valores ecológicos y socioeconómicos, mejorando la adaptación comunitaria al cambio climático y las amenazas de incendios forestales.

Palabras clave:
ClimatologíaCiencias de la TierraSilvicultura

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Silvicultura y Ecología del Fuego
  • Resiliencia Comunitaria
  • Adaptación al Cambio Climático

Sus antecedentes:

  • El riesgo de incendios forestales está aumentando en los bosques boreales de América del Norte debido al cambio climático y la expansión de las interfaces urbano-forestales.
  • Los diseños actuales de cortafuegos enfrentan compensaciones sociales y ecológicas, lo que limita su aceptación y efectividad.
  • Existe la necesidad de estrategias innovadoras de cortafuegos que ofrezcan múltiples beneficios.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Explorar los co-beneficios deseados por la comunidad para los cortafuegos en los bosques boreales.
  • Desarrollar diseños innovadores de cortafuegos que integren la reducción del riesgo de incendios forestales con valores ecológicos y socioeconómicos.
  • Mejorar la aceptación y adopción de cortafuegos para la adaptación comunitaria.

Principales métodos:

  • Se llevaron a cabo sesiones de escucha pública con residentes boreales para identificar los co-beneficios deseados.
  • Colaboración con científicos, administradores de tierras y comunidades locales.
  • Desarrollo de cuatro escenarios de cortafuegos innovadores operativamente plausibles que incorporan co-beneficios.

Principales resultados:

  • Identificó co-beneficios clave deseados por los residentes boreales para los cortafuegos.
  • Creó diseños novedosos de cortafuegos que equilibran el uso táctico de incendios forestales con beneficios ecológicos y socioeconómicos.
  • Demostró el potencial de los cortafuegos para proporcionar múltiples servicios a las comunidades.

Conclusiones:

  • Los diseños creativos de cortafuegos pueden abordar las limitaciones de los enfoques actuales.
  • La integración de co-beneficios puede aumentar la aceptación social y ecológica de los cortafuegos.
  • Los cortafuegos multifacéticos son cruciales para la adaptación comunitaria en regiones boreales propensas a incendios.