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Desarrollo y Demostración de un Método de Laboratorio para Cuantificar la Exposición del Cabello al Humo Ambiental

Tanique Z Jones^1,2, Christopher J Trejo^1,2, Somayeh Mohammadi¹

¹Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States.

Journal of chemical education

|January 19, 2026

Resumen

Este estudio desarrolló un nuevo módulo de laboratorio forense para analizar el humo ambiental del tabaco (ETS) en evidencia capilar. El módulo mejora la comprensión de los estudiantes sobre cómo las propiedades del cabello afectan la absorción de contaminantes en la ciencia forense.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencia Forense
Química
Química Analítica

Sus antecedentes:

Los planes de estudio de ciencias forenses a menudo carecen de experimentos prácticos que simulen la exposición al humo ambiental del tabaco (ETS) o a la marihuana en evidencia traza como el cabello.
El cabello es una valiosa evidencia traza para evaluar la exposición a largo plazo a contaminantes ambientales, incluido el ETS.

Objetivo del estudio:

Presentar un módulo de laboratorio forense novedoso y no invasivo para evaluar la exposición al ETS en diversos tipos de cabello humano.
Evaluar el impacto de las propiedades físicas y químicas del cabello en su adsorción de residuos de ETS.

Principales métodos:

Exposición controlada al humo de cigarrillo en cabello humano sin tratar, teñido y decolorado.
Análisis mediante espectroscopía UV-visible, espectroscopía FTIR y mediciones de potencial zeta.
Un módulo de laboratorio de tres semanas que involucra a trece estudiantes con evaluaciones pre y postlaboratorio.

Principales resultados:

Los estudiantes demostraron una mejor comprensión de cómo los tratamientos químicos afectan la capacidad de adsorción del cabello para el ETS.
Se observaron mejoras medibles en el conocimiento de los estudiantes, las habilidades técnicas y la apreciación de las aplicaciones forenses.
El módulo ilustró eficazmente la influencia de las propiedades alteradas del cabello en la adsorción de residuos de ETS.

Conclusiones:

El módulo de laboratorio desarrollado es una herramienta valiosa para la enseñanza del análisis forense del cabello y la evaluación de la exposición al ETS.
Este experimento mejora la educación en química forense al conectar el conocimiento teórico con aplicaciones prácticas y del mundo real.
Los hallazgos resaltan la importancia de considerar las características químicas y físicas del cabello en investigaciones forenses que involucran contaminantes ambientales.

Palabras clave:

FTIR UV-visible exposición cabello humo tabaco

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