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Construcción y estandarización de la prueba de trastorno del aprendizaje no verbal (TANV) en estudiantes de primaria
Abolghasem Yaghoobi1, Kambiz Karimi2, Maryam Palangi3
1Department of Psychology, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
Applied neuropsychology. Child
|January 19, 2026
Resumen
Una nueva escala identifica eficazmente las discapacidades del aprendizaje no verbal (TANV) en estudiantes de primaria. Esta herramienta fiable y válida ayuda a diagnosticar el TANV, distinguiendo a los niños afectados de sus compañeros en desarrollo típico.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Neuropsicología
- Psicología del Desarrollo
- Psicología Educativa
Sus antecedentes:
- El trastorno del aprendizaje no verbal (TANV) es un indicador significativo de desafíos de aprendizaje y razonamiento.
- Las herramientas de evaluación precisas son cruciales para la identificación temprana y la intervención en estudiantes de primaria.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar y validar una escala integral para evaluar las discapacidades del aprendizaje no verbal en estudiantes de primaria.
- Establecer la fiabilidad, la validez estructural y la utilidad diagnóstica de la nueva herramienta de evaluación.
Principales métodos:
- Se empleó un diseño de métodos mixtos exploratorios secuenciales.
- Participaron 147 estudiantes con TANV y 198 estudiantes en desarrollo típico (grados 1-6).
- Se desarrolló y administró una batería de pruebas neuropsicológicas basada en el rendimiento con 12 subescalas.
Principales resultados:
- La escala demostró alta fiabilidad (alfa de Cronbach = 0,92).
- El análisis factorial confirmatorio confirmó la validez estructural apropiada.
- La escala diferenció eficazmente a los estudiantes con TANV de los compañeros en desarrollo típico, mostrando utilidad diagnóstica.
Conclusiones:
- La escala desarrollada es una herramienta válida y fiable para diagnosticar las discapacidades del aprendizaje no verbal en estudiantes de primaria.
- La escala proporciona puntuaciones de corte específicas por grado y categorías de rendimiento para uso clínico.
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