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Contaminantes y Terapia contra el Cáncer
Francisco Alejandro Lagunas-Rangel1
1Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico.
Environmental research
|January 19, 2026
Resumen
Los contaminantes ambientales pueden reducir la efectividad del tratamiento contra el cáncer al afectar la acción de los fármacos y promover la resistencia. Se necesita más investigación para comprender estas interacciones y mejorar los resultados de los pacientes.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias Ambientales
- Toxicología
- Oncología
Sus antecedentes:
- Los contaminantes ambientales representan riesgos significativos para la salud, pero su impacto en la terapia contra el cáncer se subestima.
- Comprender los efectos de los contaminantes en el tratamiento del cáncer es crucial para la salud pública.
- Pocos estudios abordan los impactos de los contaminantes a niveles de exposición ambiental realistas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Analizar los mecanismos celulares por los cuales los contaminantes afectan la eficacia de la terapia contra el cáncer.
- Explorar las interacciones de los contaminantes con la quimioterapia y la inmunoterapia.
- Destacar la necesidad de considerar los contaminantes en las estrategias de tratamiento del cáncer.
Principales métodos:
- Esta revisión narrativa analiza la literatura existente sobre contaminantes ambientales y terapia contra el cáncer.
- Examina los mecanismos celulares y moleculares de la resistencia al tratamiento inducida por contaminantes.
- La revisión considera los efectos farmacocinéticos, inmunomoduladores y del microambiente tumoral.
Principales resultados:
- Los contaminantes pueden mejorar la extrusión de fármacos, activar vías oncogénicas, inhibir la apoptosis, alterar las mitocondrias y regular a la baja los supresores de tumores.
- Los contaminantes pueden afectar la farmacocinética de los fármacos, las respuestas inmunitarias y el microambiente tumoral.
- Las mezclas de contaminantes pueden aumentar sinérgicamente la supervivencia y la resistencia de las células cancerosas.
Conclusiones:
- Los contaminantes ambientales pueden comprometer significativamente los resultados de la terapia contra el cáncer.
- Los contaminantes influyen en múltiples vías celulares, lo que conduce a la resistencia al tratamiento.
- Una mayor concienciación e investigación sobre las interacciones contaminante-cáncer son esenciales para la práctica clínica.
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