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Modelo adaptativo de asignación de espacio aéreo para logística urbana de drones mediante optimización multiobjetivo
Yao Zhu1, Xin Sun2, Tongdi Hou2
1Business School, Yancheng Polytechnic College, Yancheng, 224005, Jiangsu, China. yphz5223@outlook.com.
Scientific reports
|January 19, 2026
Resumen
Este estudio presenta un marco híbrido para la logística urbana de vehículos aéreos no tripulados (UAV), que mejora la eficiencia y la seguridad en entornos complejos. El modelo DRL-RO aborda las incertidumbres para una gestión robusta del tráfico de UAV a nivel de ciudad.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencia de la logística y el transporte
- Inteligencia artificial y robótica
- Planificación y gestión urbana
Sus antecedentes:
- La logística urbana de vehículos aéreos no tripulados (UAV) se enfrenta a desafíos con espacio aéreo limitado, volatilidad de la demanda e incertidumbres.
- Los métodos de asignación estática son inadecuados para entornos urbanos dinámicos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar un marco adaptativo para la gestión de la logística urbana de UAV.
- Abordar los desafíos de las limitaciones del espacio aéreo, las fluctuaciones de la demanda y las incertidumbres.
Principales métodos:
- Se desarrolló un marco híbrido DRL-RO (Aprendizaje Profundo por Refuerzo y Optimización Robusta Discreta).
- Se empleó un sistema de modelado de incertidumbre de tres capas y una red de políticas mejorada con atención.
- Se utilizó un algoritmo mejorado MOEA/D-DRL para la aproximación de la frontera de Pareto.
Principales resultados:
- El marco logró una complejidad computacional subcuadrática con una alta tasa de éxito en Shenzhen.
- Una estrategia jerárquica de gestión del espacio aéreo equilibró la eficiencia de la distribución, la seguridad del vuelo y los costos.
- Las restricciones de la esfera de Wasserstein garantizaron la robustez y la escalabilidad en escenarios extremos.
Conclusiones:
- El marco DRL-RO ofrece una solución robusta para la gestión del tráfico de UAV urbanos.
- Proporciona soporte teórico y soluciones técnicas para sistemas de UAV a nivel de ciudad.
- El estudio demuestra un equilibrio eficaz entre eficiencia, seguridad y costo en la logística de UAV.
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