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Tuberculosis presenting as an anterior chest wall swelling: three cases

Avanti Saoji¹, Nikita Shah¹, Husrav Sadri¹

¹Department of Paediatrics, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College and General Hospital, Sion, India.

Paediatrics and international child health

|January 20, 2026

Resumen

Pediatric tuberculosis (TB) can present as rare anterior chest wall swelling in India. Early diagnosis and anti-TB therapy are crucial for treating this intrathoracic extension, even without known TB contact.

Área de la Ciencia:

Enfermedades Infecciosas Pediátricas
Diagnóstico por Imagen
Histopatología

Sus antecedentes:

La tuberculosis (TB) es una enfermedad infecciosa prevalente en la India.
La TB pediátrica constituye el 6-7% de todos los casos de TB.
Las presentaciones de TB esquelética y de tejidos blandos son infrecuentes.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar la hinchazón de la pared torácica anterior en pediatría como una manifestación rara de la tuberculosis.
Destacar la importancia de considerar la tuberculosis intratorácica en el diagnóstico diferencial.
Informar sobre los resultados diagnósticos y terapéuticos en los niños afectados.

Principales métodos:

Serie de casos retrospectiva de tres niños (1-11 años) que presentaron hinchazón de la pared torácica anterior.
Evaluación clínica, estudios de imagen (incluyendo radiografía de tórax y tomografías computarizadas) y examen histopatológico.
Inicio de la terapia antituberculosa y seguimiento clínico.

Principales resultados:

Los tres pacientes presentaron hinchazón de la pared torácica anterior con afectación ósea y pulmonar/pleural subyacente.
La histopatología confirmó la tuberculosis en todos los casos.
Los niños mostraron una mejora clínica significativa después de iniciar la terapia anti-TB.

Conclusiones:

La hinchazón de la pared torácica anterior en niños, especialmente en áreas endémicas de TB, debe generar sospecha de tuberculosis con extensión intratorácica.
El diagnóstico rápido mediante imágenes e histopatología, seguido del tratamiento anti-TB, conduce a resultados favorables.
La tuberculosis debe ser un diagnóstico diferencial cercano para tales presentaciones, incluso en ausencia de contacto conocido con TB.

Palabras clave:

Hinchazón de la pared torácica anterior tejido blando tuberculosis

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