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Red de apego, conflicto interparental y comportamiento de hermanos mayores que predicen problemas de conducta en

Myriam Al Bcherraoui¹, Brenda L Volling¹, Lin Tan²

¹Department of Psychology, University of Michigan.

Journal of family psychology : JFP : journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43)

|January 20, 2026

Resumen

La seguridad del apego infantil con ambos padres no predijo problemas de conducta posteriores. Solo los problemas de conducta de los hermanos mayores se asociaron con problemas de conducta en niños pequeños de 18 a 36 meses.

Palabras clave:

apego infantil red de apego conflicto interparental problemas de conducta niño pequeño hermanos mayores

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Área de la Ciencia:

Psicología del Desarrollo
Estudios de Familia
Teoría del Apego

Sus antecedentes:

El apego seguro del bebé tanto con la madre como con el padre se asocia con menos problemas de conducta en la infancia.
La red de apego considera cuatro configuraciones basadas en la seguridad del bebé con los padres (ambos seguros, ambos inseguros, o uno seguro/uno inseguro).

Objetivo del estudio:

Validar las cuatro clasificaciones de la red de apego utilizando datos de padres y madres.
Investigar si las configuraciones de la red de apego influyen en las trayectorias longitudinales de los problemas de conducta en niños pequeños (18-36 meses).
Determinar si la red de apego predice los problemas de conducta en niños pequeños, teniendo en cuenta factores de riesgo familiares como el conflicto interparental y el comportamiento de los hermanos mayores.

Principales métodos:

Participaron 184 bebés de 12 meses y sus padres en el Procedimiento de Situación Extraña.
Se clasificaron las configuraciones de apego: seguro/inseguro con la madre y el padre.
Se analizaron modelos lineales mixtos longitudinales de problemas de conducta (18-36 meses) y factores de riesgo (12 meses) en 150 familias.

Principales resultados:

El estudio confirmó las cuatro clasificaciones de la red de apego.
No se encontró un efecto significativo de la seguridad de la red de apego entre el bebé y los padres en la predicción de problemas de conducta en niños pequeños.
Los problemas de conducta de los hermanos mayores a los 12 meses predijeron significativamente los problemas de conducta en niños pequeños de 18 a 36 meses.

Conclusiones:

La red de apego entre el bebé y los padres, tal como se definió, no predijo problemas de conducta posteriores en niños pequeños.
Los factores de riesgo familiares, específicamente los problemas de conducta de los hermanos mayores, surgieron como un predictor significativo de los resultados conductuales en niños pequeños.