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Terapia de Calor: Dirigida a la Salud, la Enfermedad y la Discapacidad
Rauchelle E Richey1, Robert D Hyldahl2, Brendan W Kaiser1
1Bowerman Sports Science Center, Department of Human Physiology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA.
Comprehensive Physiology
|January 21, 2026
Resumen
La terapia de calor, una práctica de larga data, muestra potencial para el envejecimiento y el manejo de enfermedades. Esta revisión integral sintetiza la evidencia sobre sus beneficios, limitaciones y mecanismos para diversas poblaciones.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Fisiología
- Modalidades Terapéuticas
- Investigación sobre Longevidad
Sus antecedentes:
- La terapia de calor tiene raíces antiguas como intervención de estilo de vida en diversas culturas.
- En las últimas décadas, ha crecido el interés científico sobre el potencial de la terapia de calor para el manejo del envejecimiento y las enfermedades.
- Las revisiones existentes a menudo se centran en beneficios únicos, lo que requiere una síntesis más amplia.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Proporcionar una revisión integral de la literatura científica sobre la terapia de calor.
- Evaluar las adaptaciones beneficiosas, la falta de efectos y las respuestas fisiológicas integradas a la terapia de calor.
- Identificar modalidades efectivas de terapia de calor, poblaciones objetivo y mecanismos de señalización subyacentes.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión sistemática de la literatura científica sobre terapia de calor.
- Inclusión de estudios que demuestran beneficios, ausencia de efectos y comunicación inter-órganos.
- Análisis de sistemas fisiológicos, vías y mecanismos de señalización específicos.
Principales resultados:
- La terapia de calor demuestra efectos variados en diferentes órganos y sistemas fisiológicos.
- Formas específicas de terapia de calor confieren beneficios a poblaciones particulares.
- Las vías de señalización que median las adaptaciones de la terapia de calor se están dilucidando, junto con investigaciones que muestran beneficios limitados.
Conclusiones:
- La terapia de calor presenta una intervención prometedora de estilo de vida para el envejecimiento y las enfermedades, con beneficios y limitaciones identificados.
- Comprender los mecanismos y los efectos específicos de la población es crucial para optimizar su aplicación terapéutica.
- Esta revisión ofrece un consenso para científicos, médicos y el público sobre el papel de la terapia de calor en la salud.
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