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Ritmo de carrera en maratón inmediatamente antes de un paro cardíaco súbito
Jo Kato1,2, Tomohiro Manabe2,3, Fumihiro Yamasawa2,4
1Department of Cardiology, NHO Kasumigaura Medical Center, Tsuchiura, Japan.
American journal of preventive cardiology
|January 22, 2026
Resumen
Los paros cardíacos súbitos (SCA) en maratones son raros. Este estudio encontró que los eventos de SCA ocurrieron a ritmos similares a la población general de finalistas de maratón, no solo en corredores más lentos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Cardiología; Medicina Deportiva; Salud Pública
Sus antecedentes:
- El paro cardíaco súbito (SCA) es un riesgo crítico durante eventos de resistencia como los maratones. Si bien el entrenamiento reduce el riesgo de SCA, el papel del ritmo de carrera el día de la competencia en la identificación de individuos susceptibles no está claro.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar si el ritmo de carrera puede identificar a personas con mayor riesgo de SCA durante los maratones. Analizar las ocurrencias de SCA en relación con la velocidad de carrera y los percentiles de finalización.
Principales métodos:
- Recopilación prospectiva de casos de SCA en maratones certificados (abril de 2011-marzo de 2020). Cálculo del ritmo de carrera basado en el último parcial/tiempos de finalización. Comparación de los tiempos de finalización previstos con las clasificaciones de maratón estratificadas por edad y sexo.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificaron 74 casos de SCA entre 4.53 millones de participantes (1.6/100,000). El ritmo medio se correspondió con un tiempo de finalización de 4:33 (percentil 48). Los eventos de SCA ocurrieron predominantemente en las etapas finales de la carrera o después de finalizar.
Conclusiones:
- Los eventos de SCA relacionados con maratones ocurrieron a velocidades de carrera similares a las de la población general de finalistas. Esto desafía la noción de que solo los corredores menos condicionados corren un mayor riesgo de SCA.
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