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Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Improving Student Outcomes with an Adaptable Molecular Cloning Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience

Improving Student Outcomes with an Adaptable Molecular Cloning Course-Based Undergraduate Research Experience

Published on: November 15, 2024

Factores asociados con las dificultades en la toma de decisiones profesionales entre estudiantes universitarios de

Hongting Zhou¹, Liebin Huang¹, Zhijian Fu¹

¹Department of Nursing, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, China.

Frontiers in medicine

|January 22, 2026

Abstracto

Background:

Career decision-making difficulties are often associated with negative outcomes, including decreased motivation for learning, weakened professional identity, increased burnout, and a higher risk of turnover. However, most research has concentrated on the overall levels of career decision-making difficulties, overlooking the potential variations among different student subgroups. This gap hinders the creation of targeted intervention strategies.

Purpose:

This study aimed to identify latent profiles of Career decision-making difficulties among undergraduate nursing students and explore factors associated with these profiles.

Design:

A cross-sectional study.

Methods:

A convenience sampling method was employed to recruit 562 undergraduate nursing students from three universities in China. Participants completed validated measures assessing demographics, learning engagement, perceived social support, and career decision-making difficulties. Latent profile analysis identified distinct profiles of career decision-making difficulties, and multinomial logistic regression examined the associated factors.

Results:

Three distinct career decision-making difficulties profiles emerged: multidimensional decision-making block (58.5%), knowledge-action disconnection (34.0%), and information-driven advantage (7.5%). Perceived social support, learning engagement, and class leadership status were significantly associated with these career decision-making profiles.

Conclusion:

Nursing students face diverse career decision-making challenges, highlighting the need for tailored institutional support. Students in the "Multidimensional Decision-Making Block" profile may benefit from structured career development courses. For the "Knowledge-Action Disconnection" profile, strengthening career information processing is crucial. Enhancing learning engagement, decision-making skills, and support networks can reduce uncertainty and better prepare students for their professional futures.

Palabras clave:

dificultades en la toma de decisiones profesionales análisis de perfiles latentes compromiso con el aprendizaje estudiantes de enfermería apoyo social percibido pregrado

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