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Transición de macrófagos a miofibroblastos como una nueva diana terapéutica en la rigidez del hombro: estudio

Beijie Qi¹, Weihan Yu², Hanyi Wang²

¹Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China.

Frontiers in cell and developmental biology

|January 22, 2026

Resumen

La transición de macrófagos a miofibroblastos (MMT) impulsa la fibrosis por rigidez del hombro (RH). La diana periostina (POSTN) inhibe la MMT, reduciendo la fibrosis y mejorando el rango de movimiento (ROM) en la RH.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ortopedia
Investigación de Fibrosis
Inmunología

Sus antecedentes:

La rigidez del hombro (RH) se caracteriza por fibrosis y rango de movimiento (ROM) limitado.
Los mecanismos precisos que impulsan la patogénesis de la RH, en particular el papel de la transición de macrófagos a miofibroblastos (MMT), siguen siendo en gran medida desconocidos.
Comprender la participación de la MMT es crucial para desarrollar terapias eficaces para la RH.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar el papel de la transición de macrófagos a miofibroblastos (MMT) en la patogénesis de la rigidez del hombro (RH).
Identificar los factores moleculares clave que regulan la MMT en la RH.
Evaluar el potencial terapéutico de la MMT en la RH.

Principales métodos:

Análisis de cápsulas del hombro de pacientes con RH y un modelo de RH en ratones.
Western blot e inmunofluorescencia para evaluar la expresión de proteínas.
Análisis multiómico para identificar factores patogénicos, seguido de validación in vitro e in vivo.

Principales resultados:

Las cápsulas del hombro de pacientes con RH y ratones exhibieron fibrosis significativa y rango de movimiento restringido.
Se observó MMT en las cápsulas de RH, identificándose la periostina (POSTN) como un inductor clave.
La reducción de POSTN mejoró la MMT, redujo la fibrosis y mejoró el ROM en el modelo de RH en ratones.

Conclusiones:

La transición de macrófagos a miofibroblastos (MMT) juega un papel importante en la progresión de la rigidez del hombro (RH).
La periostina (POSTN) se identifica como un regulador crítico de la MMT en la RH.
La diana POSTN presenta una estrategia terapéutica prometedora para mitigar la fibrosis de la RH y restaurar el ROM.

Palabras clave:

fibrosis transición de macrófagos a miofibroblastos multiómica periostina rigidez del hombro

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