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Los chatbots de IA de modelos de lenguaje grandes (LLM) muestran potencial para el entrenamiento personalizado de control de peso. Después de las revisiones, los mensajes de IA coincidieron con los entrenadores humanos en utilidad y a menudo se confundieron con contenido escrito por humanos.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ciencia Conductual
  • Inteligencia Artificial
  • Coaching de Salud

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los mensajes automatizados de coaching para el control de peso pueden ser repetitivos y menos efectivos que el coaching humano.
  • Los chatbots de IA de modelos de lenguaje grandes (LLM) ofrecen potencial para mensajes de coaching personalizados y novedosos.
  • La viabilidad y aceptabilidad del coaching de gestión de peso basado en LLM siguen estando poco estudiadas.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Evaluar la viabilidad y aceptabilidad de la IA LLM (ChatGPT) para generar mensajes de coaching de control de peso.
  • Comparar la utilidad de los mensajes de coaching escritos por humanos frente a los generados por IA.
  • Explorar las percepciones de los usuarios sobre los mensajes generados por IA en un ensayo de pérdida de peso.

Principales métodos:

  • Ochenta y siete adultos con un IMC ≥ 27 kg/m² participaron en un ensayo de pérdida de peso.
  • Los participantes calificaron la utilidad de los mensajes de coaching escritos por humanos y generados por ChatGPT en una escala Likert de 5 puntos.
  • Se recopilaron comentarios cualitativos y la identificación de mensajes de IA en dos fases con revisiones de mensajes.

Principales resultados:

  • Los mensajes iniciales de IA se calificaron como menos útiles, pero los mensajes de IA revisados coincidieron con los mensajes humanos en utilidad (82% calificados ≥3).
  • El 50% de los mensajes de IA se identificaron erróneamente como escritos por humanos, lo que indica una mímica sofisticada.
  • Los participantes encontraron que los mensajes de IA eran empáticos y personalizados, pero a veces formulados y centrados en datos.

Conclusiones:

  • La IA LLM muestra viabilidad preliminar para crear mensajes efectivos de coaching de control de peso.
  • Los mensajes generados por IA pueden percibirse como útiles y personalizados, rivalizando con el contenido escrito por humanos después del refinamiento.
  • Se necesitan mejoras adicionales para abordar los aspectos percibidos como formulados y centrados en datos del coaching de IA.