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Caracterización exhaustiva y optimización basada en RSM de la adsorción de violeta de genciana utilizando biosensores

Nada Hamrouche^1,2, Chahrazed Djilani^3,4, Youghourta Belhocine^1,2

¹Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of 20 Août1955 El Hadaiek Road B. O. 26 21000 Skikda Algeria n.hamrouche@univ-skikda.dz.

|January 22, 2026

Resumen

Los biosensores de cáscara de granada modificados eliminan eficazmente el colorante violeta de genciana de las aguas residuales. Estos materiales ecológicos muestran una alta capacidad de adsorción y reutilización, ofreciendo una solución sostenible para la remediación de colorantes.

Área de la Ciencia:

Química Ambiental
Ciencia de Materiales
Tratamiento de Aguas

Sus antecedentes:

La contaminación de las aguas residuales por colorantes sintéticos plantea importantes desafíos medioambientales.
Es crucial desarrollar adsorbentes eficientes y sostenibles para la eliminación de colorantes.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar la eficacia de los biosensores de cáscara de granada modificada para la eliminación del colorante violeta de genciana (CV).
Optimizar y modelar el proceso de adsorción utilizando la Metodología de Superficie de Respuesta (RSM).

Principales métodos:

La cáscara de granada se modificó utilizando SnCl2-FeCl3 y SnCl2-ZnCl2.
Se analizaron las propiedades fisicoquímicas (FTIR, SEM-EDX, XRD, BET, etc.).
Los experimentos de adsorción se optimizaron utilizando RSM con Diseño Compuesto Central (CCD).

Principales resultados:

Los biosensores modificados (PPP/Sn-Fe y PPP/Sn-Zn) alcanzaron altas capacidades de adsorción (675,47 y 357,18 mg g⁻¹).
La adsorción siguió las isotermas de Langmuir y Freundlich y la cinética de pseudo segundo orden.
Los biosensores demostraron una excelente reutilización durante siete ciclos.

Conclusiones:

La cáscara de granada modificada es un biosorbente muy eficaz para la eliminación del colorante violeta de genciana.
El proceso de adsorción es espontáneo, endotérmico y puede optimizarse mediante RSM.
Los biosensores ofrecen una solución sostenible y reutilizable para el tratamiento de aguas residuales contaminadas con colorantes.

Palabras clave:

biosorbentes cáscara de granada violeta de genciana eliminación de colorantes aguas residuales química ambiental ciencia de materiales tratamiento de aguas

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