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Tomoko Takahashi1,2, Cecilia D'angelo3, Jacob Kleboe2

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La salud del coral afecta la absorción de microplásticos. Los corales no saludables con pérdida de tejido incorporan más microplásticos en sus esqueletos, ofreciendo información sobre la contaminación marina. Este estudio introduce un nuevo método de visualización.

Palabras clave:
dispersión Raman anti-Stokes coherente (CARS)coralblanqueamientoanálisis sin marcadoresmicroplásticos

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Biología Marina
  • Ciencias Ambientales
  • Química Analítica

Sus antecedentes:

  • La contaminación por microplásticos representa una amenaza significativa para los ecosistemas marinos, particularmente para los corales formadores de arrecifes.
  • Los corales pueden acumular microplásticos, sirviendo potencialmente como registros históricos de la contaminación.
  • Los métodos existentes para detectar microplásticos en corales son limitados.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Desarrollar y validar un método analítico químico sin marcadores para visualizar microplásticos en tejido y esqueletos de coral.
  • Cuantificar la incorporación de microplásticos en *Acropora polystoma* en condiciones controladas.
  • Investigar la relación entre el estado de salud del coral y la absorción de microplásticos.

Principales métodos:

  • Utilización de un microscopio de dispersión Raman anti-Stokes coherente (CARS) combinado con detección de fluorescencia excitada por dos fotones (TPEF).
  • Exposición de *Acropora polystoma* a microesferas de polietileno (PE) (0.7–5 μm).
  • Análisis cuantitativo del número de microesferas de PE incorporadas por área de esqueleto y dentro del tejido del coral.

Principales resultados:

  • Visualización y cuantificación exitosa de microesferas de polietileno dentro de esqueletos y tejidos de coral.
  • Se observó una incorporación significativamente mayor de microplásticos en los esqueletos de coral asociada con la pérdida de tejido localizada.
  • Se encontraron más microplásticos atrapados en tejidos afectados por blanqueamiento o daño físico en comparación con tejidos sanos.

Conclusiones:

  • El estado de salud del coral, particularmente la pérdida de tejido y el blanqueamiento, parece acelerar la incorporación de microplásticos.
  • El método desarrollado basado en CARS es eficaz para visualizar y cuantificar microplásticos en corales.
  • Esta técnica puede mejorar nuestra comprensión de la dinámica de acumulación de microplásticos en los arrecifes de coral.