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Por qué la inteligencia artificial no puede reemplazar a la enfermera en la atención médica: Un enfoque (neo)tomista
1Department of Ethics, Faculty of Philosophy, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
Resumen
La inteligencia artificial (IA) no puede reemplazar a las enfermeras en la atención médica. Basada en la filosofía tomista, la IA carece de las capacidades personales esenciales para la atención al paciente, lo que la distingue fundamentalmente de las enfermeras humanas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Enfermería
- Filosofía de la Tecnología
- Bioética
Sus antecedentes:
- La inteligencia artificial (IA) se integra cada vez más en la atención de enfermería.
- Existe un debate académico sobre si la IA puede sustituir a las enfermeras en los entornos sanitarios.
- Es necesario examinar la naturaleza fundamental de la IA y sus implicaciones para la práctica de enfermería.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Demostrar que la naturaleza de la IA es fundamentalmente distinta de la de una enfermera.
- Argumentar que la IA no puede reemplazar a las enfermeras en la atención al paciente.
- Explorar los fundamentos filosóficos del papel de la IA en la atención médica.
Principales métodos:
- El estudio emplea un enfoque filosófico, haciendo referencia al principio escolástico "agere sequitur esse" (la acción sigue al ser).
- Se basa en la concepción clásica del ser humano desarrollada por (neo)tomistas, en particular Tomás de Aquino.
- El argumento analiza los componentes esenciales de la persona humana y los contrasta con las capacidades de la IA.
Principales resultados:
- La IA carece de componentes personales esenciales cruciales para satisfacer las necesidades únicas de los pacientes.
- La naturaleza de la IA es fundamentalmente diferente de la naturaleza de una enfermera.
- La IA no está dotada de las capacidades personales necesarias para brindar una atención integral al paciente.
Conclusiones:
- Según los supuestos (neo)tomistas, la IA no puede reemplazar a las enfermeras.
- La IA no puede considerarse un socio igualitario de las enfermeras en la atención al paciente.
- La IA debe considerarse únicamente como una herramienta terapéutica dentro del contexto de la atención médica.
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