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Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of heart conditions caused by sudden obstruction of coronary arteries, typically resulting from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent thrombus (blood clot) formation. This obstruction can lead to partial or complete blockage of blood flow, causing varying degrees of myocardial ischemia or infarction.ACS includes the following clinical entities:Unstable Angina (UA)Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)ST-Elevation...

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

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Síndromes de Dolor Abdominal: Apendicitis Aguda

Paul T Mingo¹, Katie L Buel¹

¹Indiana University School of Medicine in Indianapolis.

|January 22, 2026

Resumen

El diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda es un desafío y requiere evaluación clínica, pruebas de laboratorio e imágenes como tomografías computarizadas. El tratamiento varía desde la cirugía para casos complicados hasta antibióticos y drenaje para apendicitis no complicada.

Palabras clave:

apendicitis aguda dolor abdominal diagnóstico tratamiento cirugía tomografía computarizada

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Área de la Ciencia:

Gastroenterología
Oncología Quirúrgica
Medicina de Emergencias

Sus antecedentes:

La apendicitis aguda es una causa frecuente de cirugía abdominal de emergencia.
El diagnóstico clínico de apendicitis es a menudo difícil, a pesar de síntomas específicos como la sensibilidad en el punto de McBurney.

Objetivo del estudio:

Describir las estrategias actuales de diagnóstico y manejo de la apendicitis aguda.
Diferenciar entre apendicitis no complicada y complicada basándose en los hallazgos de imagen.

Principales métodos:

Utilización de pruebas de laboratorio (recuento de glóbulos blancos, proteína C reactiva, relación neutrófilos-linfocitos).
Empleo de herramientas de predicción clínica (puntuación de respuesta inflamatoria apendicular).
Aprovechamiento de la imagenología diagnóstica, incluida la ecografía y la tomografía computarizada (TC).

Principales resultados:

Las TC son valiosas para diagnosticar la apendicitis y evaluar otras causas de dolor abdominal.
La apendicitis se subclasifica en no complicada (inflamación) y complicada (necrosis, perforación, absceso).
La presencia de apendicolito y el embarazo requieren manejo quirúrgico.

Conclusiones:

La apendicectomía laparoscópica es el estándar para la apendicitis no complicada.
La apendicitis complicada en pacientes estables puede tratarse de forma no operatoria con antibióticos y drenaje de abscesos, seguido de una posible apendicectomía de intervalo.