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Síndromes de Dolor Abdominal: Apendicitis Aguda
1Indiana University School of Medicine in Indianapolis.
FP essentials
|January 22, 2026
Resumen
El diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda es un desafío y requiere evaluación clínica, pruebas de laboratorio e imágenes como tomografías computarizadas. El tratamiento varía desde la cirugía para casos complicados hasta antibióticos y drenaje para apendicitis no complicada.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Gastroenterología
- Oncología Quirúrgica
- Medicina de Emergencias
Sus antecedentes:
- La apendicitis aguda es una causa frecuente de cirugía abdominal de emergencia.
- El diagnóstico clínico de apendicitis es a menudo difícil, a pesar de síntomas específicos como la sensibilidad en el punto de McBurney.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Describir las estrategias actuales de diagnóstico y manejo de la apendicitis aguda.
- Diferenciar entre apendicitis no complicada y complicada basándose en los hallazgos de imagen.
Principales métodos:
- Utilización de pruebas de laboratorio (recuento de glóbulos blancos, proteína C reactiva, relación neutrófilos-linfocitos).
- Empleo de herramientas de predicción clínica (puntuación de respuesta inflamatoria apendicular).
- Aprovechamiento de la imagenología diagnóstica, incluida la ecografía y la tomografía computarizada (TC).
Principales resultados:
- Las TC son valiosas para diagnosticar la apendicitis y evaluar otras causas de dolor abdominal.
- La apendicitis se subclasifica en no complicada (inflamación) y complicada (necrosis, perforación, absceso).
- La presencia de apendicolito y el embarazo requieren manejo quirúrgico.
Conclusiones:
- La apendicectomía laparoscópica es el estándar para la apendicitis no complicada.
- La apendicitis complicada en pacientes estables puede tratarse de forma no operatoria con antibióticos y drenaje de abscesos, seguido de una posible apendicectomía de intervalo.
Palabras clave:
apendicitis agudadolor abdominaldiagnósticotratamientocirugíatomografía computarizadaMás Videos Relacionados
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