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Evaluación de la mentira sobre opiniones mediante la ampliación del protocolo de entrevista del abogado del diablo
Sharon Leal1, Aldert Vrij1, Haneen Deeb1
1School of Psychology, Sport & Health Sciences, University of Portsmouth, UK.
Acta psychologica
|January 22, 2026
Resumen
El protocolo de entrevista del abogado del diablo detecta eficazmente el engaño en las opiniones. La adición de una misma declaración de ejemplo mejoró la distinción entre los veraces y los mentirosos basándose en la elocuencia y la pasión.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Psicología
- Psicología Forense
- Detección del Engaño
Sus antecedentes:
- El protocolo de entrevista del abogado del diablo está diseñado para detectar mentiras sobre opiniones.
- Implica elicitar razones que apoyen una opinión y razones que se opongan a ella.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar si la inclusión de 'una misma declaración de ejemplo' mejora la capacidad del protocolo del abogado del diablo para diferenciar entre veraces y mentirosos.
- Evaluar el impacto de una declaración modelo en la detección del engaño en las opiniones expresadas.
Principales métodos:
- 171 participantes (veraces y mentirosos) expresaron opiniones sobre temas sociales.
- La mitad de los participantes vio 'una misma declaración de ejemplo' antes de su entrevista.
- Las entrevistas evaluaron la elocuencia, la pasión y la predecibilidad en las respuestas a las solicitudes de opinión y del abogado del diablo.
Principales resultados:
- El protocolo del abogado del diablo mostró diferencias en elocuencia y pasión entre los veraces y los mentirosos.
- La condición de 'misma declaración de ejemplo' mejoró significativamente la efectividad del protocolo en la detección del engaño.
- Se respaldaron las hipótesis relativas a una mayor elocuencia y pasión en los veraces.
Conclusiones:
- El protocolo de entrevista del abogado del diablo es un método viable para detectar el engaño en las opiniones.
- La incorporación de 'una misma declaración de ejemplo' mejora demostrablemente la precisión de este método de detección del engaño.
- La elocuencia y la pasión son indicadores clave para distinguir las opiniones genuinas de las fabricadas.
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