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Asociación entre la ingesta dietética de cobre y la mortalidad por enfermedades respiratorias
Kaiwen Zhang1, Jiayida Nulali1, Caoxu Zhang1
1Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
The Journal of nutritional biochemistry
|January 22, 2026
Resumen
Una mayor ingesta dietética de cobre se asocia con una menor mortalidad por enfermedades respiratorias en adultos de EE. UU. Un nivel de ingesta óptimo, alrededor de 1,07 mg/día, parece ser el más beneficioso para reducir el riesgo de mortalidad.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Epidemiología Nutricional
- Salud Pública
- Medicina Respiratoria
Sus antecedentes:
- El cobre es un oligoelemento esencial vital para numerosos procesos fisiológicos.
- La ingesta dietética de nutrientes esenciales puede influir en el riesgo de enfermedades crónicas.
- Las enfermedades respiratorias representan una causa importante de mortalidad a nivel mundial.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la asociación entre la ingesta dietética de cobre y la mortalidad por enfermedades respiratorias en una población adulta de EE. UU.
- Identificar posibles relaciones no lineales y umbrales de ingesta óptimos para el cobre en relación con la mortalidad respiratoria.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Examen de Salud y Nutrición (NHANES) 1999-2018, vinculados con datos de mortalidad del Índice Nacional de Defunciones.
- Se emplearon modelos multivariables de riesgos proporcionales de Cox y análisis de sensibilidad.
- Se aplicaron splines cúbicos restringidos (RCS) para evaluar las relaciones dosis-respuesta no lineales.
Principales resultados:
- Se registraron un total de 580 muertes por enfermedades respiratorias durante 500.324 años-persona de seguimiento.
- Los tertiles más altos de ingesta dietética de cobre (≥0.88 mg/d) se asociaron con índices de riesgo significativamente más bajos de mortalidad por enfermedades respiratorias en comparación con el tertil más bajo (<0.88 mg/d).
- El análisis RCS indicó una asociación en forma de L, con un umbral protector identificado en aproximadamente 1,07 mg/día de ingesta de cobre. Por debajo de este umbral, el aumento de la ingesta se correlacionó con una reducción del riesgo de mortalidad (HR=0,48); por encima de él, no se observó ninguna reducción significativa (HR=0,98).
Conclusiones:
- Existe una asociación en forma de L entre la ingesta dietética de cobre y la mortalidad por enfermedades respiratorias en adultos de EE. UU.
- Mantener un nivel óptimo de ingesta dietética de cobre, alrededor de 1,07 mg/día, puede asociarse con una disminución del riesgo de mortalidad por enfermedades respiratorias.
- Se justifica una mayor investigación para confirmar estos hallazgos y explorar los mecanismos biológicos subyacentes.
Palabras clave:
NHANESestudio de cohortesingesta dietética de cobreno linealmortalidad por enfermedades respiratoriasMás Videos Relacionados
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