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La biodisponibilidad del hierro como un "interruptor" crítico que rige la función metabólica microbiana y la

Jiawei Fan¹, Bing Zhang¹, Yuchen An¹

¹Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.

Bioresource technology

|January 22, 2026

Resumen

La alta intensidad de la luz mejora la biodisponibilidad del hierro, impulsando el crecimiento de las cianobacterias y la producción de sustancias poliméricas extracelulares (EPS). Esto acelera la formación de fotogranulos formados hidrostáticamente (HSP) para el tratamiento de aguas residuales.

Área de la Ciencia:

Biotecnología Ambiental
Ecología Microbiana
Tratamiento de Aguas Residuales

Sus antecedentes:

Las cianobacterias filamentosas son clave para los fotogranulos formados hidrostáticamente (HSP), una tecnología sostenible de tratamiento de aguas residuales.
Los mecanismos que rigen la fotogranulación impulsada por cianobacterias en condiciones ambientales variables no se comprenden completamente.
La luz y el hierro impactan significativamente la fisiología de las cianobacterias, lo que sugiere un papel en la fotogranulación.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar la relación entre la intensidad de la luz, la biodisponibilidad del hierro y el desarrollo de HSP.
Elucidar cómo la luz influye en la disponibilidad de hierro para las cianobacterias en los procesos de fotogranulación.

Principales métodos:

Estudio comparativo de fotogranulación bajo intensidades de luz bajas (65 µmol/m²·s) y altas (260 µmol/m²·s).
Análisis de la distribución del hierro entre fases minerales y sustancias poliméricas extracelulares (EPS).
Perfilado multi-ómico (metagenómica, metatranscriptómica, metabolómica) para evaluar las respuestas microbianas.
Análisis de correlación entre niveles de hierro, proliferación de cianobacterias, secreción de EPS y formación de fotogranulos.

Principales resultados:

La alta intensidad de la luz aumentó el hierro biodisponible al promover su redistribución a los EPS.
El hierro unido a EPS (FeEPS) se correlacionó fuertemente con la proliferación de cianobacterias y la producción de EPS bajo alta intensidad de luz.
La alta intensidad de la luz activó la captación de hierro mediada por sideróforos y las vías metabólicas dependientes del hierro, incluida la fotosíntesis y la biosíntesis de EPS.
Interacciones sinérgicas entre cianobacterias y bacterias afiliadas a Pseudomonas, que involucran intercambio de nutrientes, acumulación mejorada de hierro y fotogranulación.

Conclusiones:

La intensidad de la luz es un regulador crítico de la biodisponibilidad del hierro, actuando como un interruptor para la fotogranulación.
La alta intensidad de la luz promueve el crecimiento de las cianobacterias y facilita la cooperación interespecífica, optimizando la formación de HSP.
La comprensión de estas interacciones luz-hierro-microbios es crucial para avanzar en las tecnologías de tratamiento de aguas residuales basadas en la naturaleza.

Palabras clave:

cianobacterias filamentosas intensidad de la luz producción de sideróforos

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