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Transparencia de precios hospitalarios: una introducción
Steven T Johnson1, Kate Cook2, Julian Dallmeier2
1IPD Analytics, LLC, Aventura, FL, and Corewell Health, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
Resumen
La transparencia de precios hospitalarios (HPT) tiene como objetivo reducir el gasto en atención médica en EE. UU. al hacer visibles los precios. Sin embargo, el cumplimiento inconsistente y los problemas de datos limitan su efectividad, lo que resalta la necesidad de una implementación sólida.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Economía de la salud
- Política de atención médica
- Informática de la salud
Sus antecedentes:
- Se proyecta que el gasto en atención médica en EE. UU. alcanzará casi $ 6 billones para 2027.
- Las regulaciones de Transparencia de Precios Hospitalarios (HPT) se implementaron en enero de 2021.
- El cumplimiento inconsistente y los desafíos de estandarización de datos obstaculizan la efectividad de las reglas actuales de HPT.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar las implicaciones económicas de la Transparencia de Precios Hospitalarios (HPT).
- Delinear los requisitos federales para HPT.
- Explorar cómo HPT puede reducir potencialmente el gasto en atención médica en EE. UU., particularmente los costos de los medicamentos.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de las implicaciones económicas de HPT.
- Análisis de los requisitos federales de HPT.
- Evaluación del impacto potencial de HPT en el gasto en atención médica y los costos de los medicamentos.
Principales resultados:
- Los precios transparentes pueden reducir la variación de costos en mercados más simples, pero su impacto en entornos de atención médica complejos es menos predecible.
- Los hospitales deben publicar datos de cargos legibles por máquina y precios de al menos 300 servicios comprables.
- El cumplimiento de las reglas de HPT ha sido inconsistente y los formatos de datos variados impiden la utilización de los datos.
Conclusiones:
- Los precios visibles pueden empoderar las elecciones de los pacientes, mejorar las negociaciones de los pagadores y promover la competencia en el mercado.
- El bajo cumplimiento limita la capacidad de los organismos reguladores para evaluar los impactos en el mercado.
- HPT es fundamental para la compra basada en el valor, la fijación de precios competitiva y las futuras reformas de pago, aunque no aborda todos los impulsores de costos.
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