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Seguimiento a largo plazo de un ensayo controlado aleatorizado sobre fortificación individualizada de la leche humana

Meiying Quan¹, Yu Zhang¹, Lejia Zhang¹

¹Department of Pediatrics, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Disease, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

Frontiers in nutrition

|January 23, 2026

Abstracto

Background And Aims:

To evaluate short- and long-term outcomes of preterm infants from a previous RCT on individualized fortification (IF).

Methods:

Preterm infants from the Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) IF study were enrolled. Data before age 2 were collected from medical records. Long-term follow-up was conducted at ages 6-10 years. Growth and development outcomes as well as biochemical indexes were compared between IF and standard fortification (SF) groups.

Results:

Fifty-one infants completed 2-year follow-up. The IF group showed significantly better outcomes in head circumference z-scores at CA 6 months (p = 0.035), hemoglobin at CA 12 months (p = 0.044), and weight z-scores at CA 24 months (p = 0.027). Twenty-five children completed long-term follow-up. No significant differences were found in lung function, cognitive scores, ferritin, hemoglobin, IGF, 25-OH-vitamin D, bone age, or metabolic parameters including BMI and lipid profile.

Conclusion:

PUMCH IF improved early growth outcomes, but no significant long-term health differences were observed.

Palabras clave:

fortificación individualizada PUMCH seguimiento a largo plazo enfermedades metabólicas desarrollo neurológico crecimiento físico lactantes prematuros

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