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Ingeniería de defectos de carbono dopado con nitrógeno que estabiliza sitios activos de Cu⁺ para la electroreducción

Pirapath Arkasalerks¹, Phongphot Sakulaue^1,2, Pongkarn Chakthranont³

¹School of Bio-Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sirindhorn International Institute of Technology, Thammasat University Pathum Thani 12120 Thailand khanin@siit.tu.ac.th.

|January 23, 2026

Resumen

Los investigadores desarrollaron un novedoso catalizador de carbono dopado con nitrógeno de hojas de té (TL9) que estabiliza especies de cobre (Cu+) para una electroreducción eficiente de dióxido de carbono (CO2). Este electrocatalizador bifuncional convierte selectivamente el CO2 en valiosos productos C1 como monóxido de carbono (CO) y formiato con alta durabilidad.

Área de la Ciencia:

Electrocatalisis
Ciencia de Materiales
Química Sostenible

Sus antecedentes:

El desarrollo de electrocatalizadores eficientes para la reducción de dióxido de carbono (CO2) es crucial para las tecnologías de energía sostenible.
Se necesitan electrocatalizadores bifuncionales para convertir selectivamente el CO2 en productos C1 valiosos en condiciones suaves.
La estabilización de especies activas de cobre (Cu+) es clave para mejorar el rendimiento y la durabilidad del catalizador.

Objetivo del estudio:

Diseñar y sintetizar un novedoso electrocatalizador bifuncional para la electroreducción selectiva de CO2.
Investigar el papel de los soportes de carbono dopado con nitrógeno en la estabilización de especies de cobre activas.
Evaluar la eficiencia, selectividad y durabilidad del catalizador desarrollado para la valorización de CO2.

Principales métodos:

Síntesis de carbono dopado con nitrógeno a partir de hojas de té (TL9) y su uso como soporte para nanopartículas de óxido de cobre.
Caracterización del catalizador mediante técnicas estructurales, espectroscópicas y electroquímicas.
Pruebas electroquímicas del rendimiento de la reducción de CO2, incluida la eficiencia de Faraday y la estabilidad.

Principales resultados:

El soporte TL9 estabilizó eficazmente las especies de Cu+, formando una coordinación estable de Cu-Nx y una interfaz Cu+/Cu0.
El catalizador optimizado TL9/Cu-40% logró altas eficiencias de Faraday (cercanas al 90%) para la producción de CO y formiato a -0,6 V frente a RHE.
El catalizador demostró una excelente durabilidad, manteniendo más del 60% de selectividad después de 24 horas de operación continua, suprimiendo la aglomeración de Cu y la evolución de hidrógeno.

Conclusiones:

Los soportes de carbono dopado con nitrógeno e ingeniería de defectos pueden regular con precisión los estados de oxidación del cobre para mejorar el rendimiento electrocatalítico.
El electrocatalizador bifuncional desarrollado ofrece una vía prometedora para la valorización eficiente y selectiva de CO2 utilizando electricidad renovable.
Este trabajo proporciona un principio de diseño robusto para crear catalizadores avanzados para tecnologías de reducción de CO2.

Palabras clave:

electroreducción de CO2 catalizadores bifuncionales carbono dopado con nitrógeno especies de Cu+formiato monóxido de carbono hojas de té estabilidad selectividad valorización de CO2

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