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Una red de atractores deformables organiza la dinámica cerebral humana en reposo
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|January 23, 2026
Resumen
La actividad cerebral en reposo forma una red deformable y dinámica, no estados discretos. Este principio geométrico explica la función cerebral, la fluidez cognitiva y distingue las afecciones neurológicas como el deterioro cognitivo leve.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Neurociencia
- Teoría de Sistemas Dinámicos
- Ciencia Cognitiva
Sus antecedentes:
- La actividad cerebral intrínseca es compleja y sus principios organizativos no se comprenden completamente.
- Los modelos anteriores a menudo describen la dinámica cerebral como movimiento dentro de un espacio continuo.
- Las restricciones y las reglas que rigen la actividad neuronal espontánea siguen siendo esquivas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los principios organizativos de la actividad cerebral humana espontánea durante el reposo.
- Modelar la estructura geométrica y dinámica de la dinámica cerebral intrínseca.
- Vincular esta dinámica a la función cognitiva y a las afecciones neurológicas.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron conjuntos de datos de imágenes por resonancia magnética funcional (fMRI) a gran escala.
- Se aplicó un modelo dinámico latente para analizar los patrones de actividad cerebral.
- Se desarrolló un paisaje energético de dos parámetros para explicar la dinámica observada.
Principales resultados:
- Se identificó la actividad cerebral espontánea como estructurada por una red de atractores deformables.
- Se descubrieron dos regímenes de actividad reproducibles: baja coherencia (unimodal) y alta coherencia (bimodal/bistable).
- Se encontró que las transiciones entre regímenes resultan de la deformación continua de la red, no de la conmutación discreta de estados.
Conclusiones:
- La dinámica de la actividad cerebral en reposo se rige por un principio geométrico de una red de atractores deformables.
- Esta estructura de red explica las transiciones entre los estados cerebrales, la fluidez cognitiva y la coordinación de redes.
- Los parámetros de la red pueden diferenciar entre controles sanos y personas con deterioro cognitivo leve.
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