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Dinámica espacial disminuida y complejidad espacial inadaptada vinculan la interrupción de la red cerebral en reposo
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|January 23, 2026
Resumen
Los pacientes con esquizofrenia presentan redes cerebrales desorganizadas con una complejidad y adaptabilidad espacial reducidas. Este déficit en la complejidad y conectividad de la red espacial dinámica (dSNCC) está relacionado con déficits cognitivos y ofrece un biomarcador potencial para trastornos cerebrales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Neurociencia
- Ciencia de Sistemas Complejos
- Neurociencia Cognitiva
Sus antecedentes:
- Los estudios de resonancia magnética funcional en estado de reposo resaltan las redes cerebrales dinámicas.
- Los métodos existentes a menudo se centran en la conectividad temporal, no en la dinámica espacial.
- Comprender la complejidad espacial a nivel de vóxel y sus cambios temporales es crucial.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Introducir la complejidad y conectividad de la red espacial dinámica (dSNCC) para analizar la dinámica de la red cerebral.
- Investigar la complejidad espacial y la flexibilidad en las redes cerebrales.
- Examinar la dSNCC en controles sanos y pacientes con esquizofrenia y su asociación con la función cognitiva.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizó análisis de componentes independientes dinámicos (ICA) y dimensión fractal (FrD).
- Se midió la complejidad espacial (FrD), la flexibilidad dinámica y el acoplamiento de la dimensión fractal (FrDC).
- Se analizaron datos de 508 sujetos (315 controles sanos, 193 pacientes con esquizofrenia).
Principales resultados:
- Los pacientes con esquizofrenia mostraron una FrD media más alta, lo que indica una estructura de red desorganizada.
- Los pacientes exhibieron una flexibilidad dinámica significativamente reducida, y las redes parecían menos adaptables.
- Las medidas de dSNCC se correlacionaron con déficits cognitivos en la velocidad de procesamiento, el aprendizaje visual y verbal.
- Se observó un acoplamiento aberrante de la dimensión fractal (FrDC) en pacientes con esquizofrenia.
Conclusiones:
- La dSNCC es una herramienta poderosa para caracterizar la dinámica de la red cerebral.
- La flexibilidad dinámica reducida en la complejidad espacial puede ser un mecanismo de desadaptación en la esquizofrenia.
- La dSNCC ofrece un marco biomarcador novedoso y cuantificable para trastornos cerebrales como la esquizofrenia, el Alzheimer y el autismo.
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