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Optimización del tamaño de microcápsulas contra incendios fabricadas mediante microfluídica no planar y estudio de su
Ming Cao1, Xiaoshan Jin1, Meirong Yi1,2
1College of Advanced Manufacturing, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China. daiyc@ncu.edu.cn.
Lab on a chip
|January 23, 2026
Resumen
Los investigadores desarrollaron novedosas microcápsulas para la supresión de incendios en espacios confinados. Estas cápsulas a base de agua, sensibles a la temperatura, ofrecen liberación controlada y extinción eficiente de llamas, mejorando la seguridad.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencia de Materiales
- Ingeniería Química
- Ingeniería de Seguridad contra Incendios
Sus antecedentes:
- La prevención y el control de incendios en espacios confinados presentan importantes desafíos.
- Los fallos en estos sistemas pueden provocar graves lesiones personales y daños materiales.
- Faltan estudios sistemáticos sobre el diseño de agentes extintores y los mecanismos de supresión.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Diseñar y preparar novedosas microcápsulas a base de agua, sensibles a la temperatura, para la extinción de incendios.
- Investigar el diseño estructural y los mecanismos de supresión de incendios de estas microcápsulas.
- Lograr la liberación controlada de agentes extintores para mejorar la seguridad en espacios confinados.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizó tecnología de microfluídica no planar para fabricar dispositivos microfluídicos de polidimetilsiloxano (PDMS).
- Se diseñaron estructuras de microcápsulas y sustratos para controlar la dosis y la liberación del agente.
- Se determinó el tamaño óptimo de las microcápsulas (diámetro de 550 μm, espesor de pared de 35 μm) según las normas UL94 V-0.
- Se integraron microcápsulas en un parche sensible a la temperatura para pruebas de supresión de llamas.
Principales resultados:
- Se logró una preparación altamente eficiente de microcápsulas a base de agua, sensibles a la temperatura, para la extinción de incendios.
- Se demostró el ajuste controlable de la dosis del agente y la regulación precisa de la dirección y la cobertura de la liberación de niebla de agua.
- Se confirmó la supresión efectiva de llamas en menos de 3 segundos utilizando el sistema de microcápsulas integrado.
- Se identificaron las dimensiones óptimas de las microcápsulas para el rendimiento de la supresión de incendios.
Conclusiones:
- El sistema de microcápsulas a base de agua desarrollado es ecológico, eficiente y rentable.
- Esta tecnología ofrece microcápsulas de extinción de incendios de alto rendimiento con capacidades de liberación direccional.
- Muestra un potencial de aplicación prometedor para la prevención y el control temprano de incendios en espacios confinados.
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