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Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins

Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...

Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction

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Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...

Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

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The key difference between Superficial Vein Thrombosis (SVT) and Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) lies in their location and severity.Clinical ManifestationsSVT typically presents with localized pain, tenderness, and redness along the course of a superficial vein, often accompanied by a palpable, cord-like structure under the skin. This condition is usually less dangerous than DVT but can be uncomfortable and may lead to complications such as cellulitis or, rarely, a clot extension into the deep...

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Diabetic Retinopathy

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DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

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A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...

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Microangiopatías trombóticas

Léo Guénnoun¹, Adrien Picod¹, Paul Coppo²

¹Centre de référence des microangiopathies thrombotiques, service d'hématologie, AP-HP et Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.

La Revue du praticien

|January 23, 2026

Resumen

Las microangiopatías trombóticas (MAT) son afecciones graves caracterizadas por anemia, plaquetas bajas y daño orgánico debido a coágulos sanguíneos. El diagnóstico rápido y las terapias específicas son cruciales para mejorar los resultados de los pacientes en estos complejos trastornos hematológicos.

Palabras clave:

Microangiopatías trombóticas

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Área de la Ciencia:

Hematología; Medicina Interna; Fisiopatología

Sus antecedentes:

La microangiopatía trombótica (MAT) es un síndrome potencialmente mortal.; Implica obstrucción microvascular que conduce a insuficiencia orgánica.; Las características clave incluyen anemia hemolítica microangiopática y trombocitopenia.

Objetivo del estudio:

Revisar las principales entidades etiológicas de las MAT.; Discutir su fisiopatología y fenotipos clínicos.; Destacar el manejo apropiado, centrándose en tratamientos urgentes y específicos.

Principales métodos:

Revisión de la literatura sobre microangiopatías trombóticas.; Análisis de factores etiológicos, fisiopatología y presentaciones clínicas.; Evaluación de estrategias terapéuticas actuales y emergentes.

Principales resultados:

Las MAT abarcan el púrpura trombótico trombocitopénico (PTT) y el síndrome urémico hemolítico atípico (SUHa).; Otras formas incluyen el SUH postinfeccioso y las MAT secundarias relacionadas con diversas afecciones.; Las terapias específicas han mejorado significativamente el pronóstico de las MAT.

Conclusiones:

La comprensión de los subtipos de MAT es esencial para un manejo eficaz.; Las terapias oportunas y dirigidas son críticas para mejores resultados del paciente.; Esta revisión enfatiza la importancia del diagnóstico y tratamiento tempranos para las MAT.