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Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Like all living organisms, plants require organic and inorganic nutrients to survive, reproduce, grow and maintain homeostasis. To identify nutrients that are essential for plant functioning, researchers have leveraged a technique called hydroponics. In hydroponic culture systems, plants are grown—without soil—in water-based solutions containing nutrients. At least 17 nutrients have been identified as essential elements required by plants. Plants acquire these elements from the...
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piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs02:57

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PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
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Aseptic techniques prevent contamination, ensure experimental accuracy, and protect researchers and microbial cultures. These techniques are essential in clinical, industrial, and research settings where sterility is required.Maintaining Sterility in Laboratory PracticesScientists maintain sterility by sterilizing tools with heat or chemicals, disinfecting work surfaces, and handling cultures in controlled environments. Working near an open flame or within a laminar flow hood reduces the risk...
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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Overexpressing Long Noncoding RNAs Using Gene-activating CRISPR
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LncRNAs como reguladores clave de la autoinmunidad

Ruxiao Yang-Fischer1, Alyssa Shearer1, Sankar Ghosh1

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States.

Advances in genetics
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Los ARN largos no codificantes (ARNc) son reguladores clave en las enfermedades autoinmunes. Esta revisión destaca sus funciones críticas en la función del sistema inmunitario y la patogénesis, ofreciendo nuevas investigaciones y perspectivas clínicas.

Palabras clave:
Enfermedad autoinmuneExpresión génicaSistema inmunitarioInflamaciónARN largo no codificante

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Inmunología
  • Genética
  • Biología Molecular

Sus antecedentes:

  • Las enfermedades autoinmunes implican ataques del sistema inmunitario a los autotejidos.
  • Los factores genéticos y ambientales contribuyen a los trastornos autoinmunes.
  • Los ARN largos no codificantes (ARNc) regulan la expresión génica y la función de las células inmunitarias.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Revisar la literatura sobre la patogénesis de las enfermedades autoinmunes.
  • Elucidar el papel de los ARNc en el sistema inmunitario y las enfermedades autoinmunes.
  • Resumir los avances recientes en la investigación de ARNc para la biología autoinmune.

Principales métodos:

  • Revisión de la literatura sobre la patogénesis de las enfermedades autoinmunes.
  • Análisis de las funciones de los ARNc en la regulación inmunitaria.
  • Síntesis de hallazgos recientes sobre ARNc en la patogénesis autoinmune.

Principales resultados:

  • Los ARNc son reguladores fundamentales en la expresión génica y la arquitectura de la cromatina.
  • Los ARNc desempeñan funciones multifacéticas en la función de las células inmunitarias.
  • La evidencia emergente destaca la importancia de los ARNc en la patogénesis autoinmune.

Conclusiones:

  • Los ARNc son cada vez más reconocidos por sus funciones críticas en la inmunogenética.
  • La comprensión de las funciones de los ARNc ofrece nuevas vías para la investigación de enfermedades autoinmunes.
  • Los ARNc presentan objetivos potenciales para nuevas intervenciones clínicas en trastornos autoinmunes.