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Análisis de la calidad del agua del río Mahakam utilizando el modelo de regresión de panel geográficamente ponderado
Zabrina Nathania Fauziyah1, Suyitno Suyitno1, Darnah1
1Statistics Study Program, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Mulawarman University, Indonesia.
MethodsX
|January 26, 2026
Resumen
El modelo de regresión de panel geográficamente ponderado (GWPR) mapea eficazmente los factores que influyen en el río Mahakam.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias Ambientales
- Estadística Espacial
- Gestión de la Calidad del Agua
Sus antecedentes:
- El río Mahakam enfrenta desafíos con la demanda bioquímica de oxígeno (DBO).
- La comprensión de las variaciones espaciales y temporales en la calidad del agua es crucial.
- Los modelos existentes pueden no capturar completamente la heterogeneidad espacial en los ecosistemas fluviales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Aplicar el modelo de regresión de panel geográficamente ponderado (GWPR) a los datos de calidad del agua del río Mahakam.
- Identificar y mapear los factores clave que influyen en la demanda bioquímica de oxígeno (DBO) en diferentes lugares y momentos.
- Comparar el rendimiento de GWPR con un modelo global de efectos fijos (FEM).
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron datos de panel sobre la DBO del agua del río Mahakam de 2022-2024.
- Se empleó el modelo GWPR con FEM como modelo global, incorporando una transformación de promediado para los efectos temporales.
- Se realizó análisis espacial y modelado estadístico utilizando R, GNU Octave, QGIS y Google Earth.
Principales resultados:
- El modelo GWPR demostró un rendimiento superior al FEM, evidenciado por un AIC más bajo y un R-cuadrado más alto (80,321%).
- Se identificaron como factores clave que influyen en la DBO la temperatura, el pH del agua, el grado de color, el nitrato, el amoníaco, los sólidos suspendidos totales y el sulfato.
- El estudio mapeó con éxito la distribución espacial de estos factores influyentes.
Conclusiones:
- El modelo GWPR es una herramienta poderosa para analizar datos de panel espacialmente heterogéneos en estudios ambientales.
- La identificación precisa de los factores que influyen en la DBO permite estrategias de gestión específicas de la calidad del agua para el río Mahakam.
- El análisis local proporcionó una comprensión más matizada de la dinámica de la calidad del agua en comparación con los modelos globales.
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